【作者】 李霞； 张真； 王鸿斌； 曹鹏； 韩平定；

【Author】 Li Xia1, Zhang Zhen1, Wang Hongbin1, Cao Peng2, Han Pingding2 (1. Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry Key lab. of forest protection, the state Forerstry Administration Beijing 100091, 2.Faculty of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College Kunming 650224)

【机构】 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林保护学重点实验室； 西南林学院保护生物学学院；

【摘要】 本研究采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的实验手段,建立一种快速鉴定我国切梢小蠹的分类鉴定方法。结果表明:利用鞘翅斜面第二沟间部的瘤状颗粒和刻点分布、鞘翅表面刚毛长短和前胸背板刻点及刚毛分布三种特征,在普通显微镜放大30倍条件下便可实现六种切梢小蠹的准确鉴定。通过对小蠹虫的28SrDNA基因D2区片段的序列分析发现,分子生物学鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果完全一致。可见,本研究建立的鉴定方法是一种快速、准确、有效的切梢小蠹鉴定方法。利用此方法鉴定发现一新种,其鞘翅斜面第二沟间部分布规则的两列或三列刻点,鞘翅表面刚毛较短约为沟间距离的一半。对28SrDNA片段的系统发育学分析也表明,新种与其它切梢小蠹的遗传距离属于种间距离。更多还原

【Abstract】 Morphological characters were elaborated and part of 28SrDNA was sequenced to facilitate the identification of six species within genus Tomicus in China. The specimens were identified into groups as the following characters: ⑴. T. minor, T. pilifer and T. puellus have granules on interstria 2 on the declivity of the elytra, while T. brevipilosus, T. piniperda and T. yunnanensis have punctures. ⑵. The elytral interstrial hairs and hairs arising from punctures are equally for T. puellus,, whereas they are not equally for T. minor, T. pilifer. T. pilifer have more dense hairs than T. minor. ⑶. T. brevipilosus and T. piniperda have only one line of small punctures on interstria 2, while T. yunnanensis have two lines. ⑷. Elytral hairs of T. piniperda are as long as distance between striae, whereas those of T. brevipilosus are about half of the distance between striae. These characeters could be clearly examined under a binocular at 30×magnification. The 28SrDNA region (559bp) revealed <1% sequence divergence within groups and 2.5%-9.7% sequence divergence between groups. A phylogenetic approach also placed specimens of each group together, which is coordinate with the morphological finding. So we here provided four applicable and valuable characters for the forest entomologists to identify the species of genus Tomicus in China. A new species was distinguished from the other Tomicus species using these characters with punctures of interstria 2 on declivity appearing evenly biseriate or triseriate; and the erect interstrial setae on the declivity short, about 0.5×as long as distance between striae. The genetic distances of 28S rDNA measured between the new species and other species of Tomicus (0.035-0.087) is similar to the distances between species(0.035-0.097).更多还原