【作者】 朱彤； 野崎勉； 谢元华； 江晶； 韩进；

【Author】 ZHU Tong,NOZAKI Tsutomu,XIE Yuan-hua,JIANG Jing,HAN Jin (School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110004,China)

【机构】 东北大学机械工程与自动化学院；

【摘要】 作者开发出一种以液体或气体等流体为物料载体,带有喷射口与喷射系统和吸入口与喷射系统的喷射流式泥沙采集器.利用密度不同、大小不同的颗粒物在多相流体中的运动特性,该装置可应用于细小颗粒物如泥沙、谷物的采集和分离,也可以对不同粒径、不同比重的混合颗粒物料进行分离采集.该装置通过喷射流体而搅动泥沙沉积层并使其流化,之后通过吸引流将泥沙颗粒收集.其喷射、吸引、采集、分离等过程受到装置的结构、沉积层中粒子的物理特征等诸多因素的影响.本文采用喷射口直径6mm,吸引口直径30mm的实验装置,以水为流体载体,并设定吸引流速和喷射流速,采用密度相近的直径在56.5μm～855μm之间的球形玻璃和大小相当的火山灰粒子为被采集物.针对两种不同特性粒子的沉积层对流化域体积、流化域表面的最大半径的影响,喷射流和吸引流对沉积层作用时间对流化域体积的影响等进行了实验研究.结果发现最佳流化特性出现在200μm的粒子,且其流化特性与粒子形状特性无关.尽管两种粒子的流化域体积相近,但是由于流动性差异而导致的流化域表面半径差异较大.更多还原

【Abstract】 A novel spraying jet type sand collector,which used liquid or gas to be carrier and had an injection mouth and a suction mouth at the collecting port,was designed and exploited by author.On account of kinesic characteristics of particles with different density or sizes in multiphase fluids,this equipment can be applied not only for collecting and separating of sand and grains,but also for separating the mixed grains with different sizes or specific gravities.The principle of this equipment was injecting fluids to fluidizing sedimentary layer of sand first,and then utilizing suction flow to collect particles.The process of injecting,suction and collecting was influenced by a lot of parameters,such as the structure of the equipment and the physical characteristics of particles in sedimentary layer.In this study,a sand collector with 6mm diameter of injection mouth and 30mm diameter of suction mouth at the collecting port was proposed,which used water as be the carrier and can set the speed of spraying flux and suction flux.The density similar glass beads with diameter between 56.5μm～855μm and the size similar volcanic ash particles were selected as the research target.The study was carried out on the influence of two sedimentary layers with different characteristics of particles on the volume of fluidization domain and the maximal diameter of fluidization domain surface,and on the influence of spraying flux and suction flux on the effect time with sedimentary layer and the volume of fluidization domain.It was found that particles with 200μm had the optimal fluidization characteristics which had no relationship with particle shape characteristics.Although two kinds of particles had similar volumes of fluidization domain,the difference between their diameters of fluidization domain surface was relatively large,which was induced by the difference between their flowabilities.更多还原