【作者】 何志青； 胡贵方； 资青兰； 唐惠红； 龚芳； 罗强生；

【Author】 HE Zhi-qing~*,HU Gui-fang,Zl Qing-lan,TANG Hui-hong,GONG Fang,LUO Qiang-sheng Guangzhou chest hospital,Guangzhou 510095,China

【机构】 广州市胸科医院； 广州市结核病防治所一分所； 南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院流行病与卫生统计教研室； 广州市第一人民医院护理部；

【摘要】 结核病严重危害人类,几乎所有国家的男性肺结核病人数都比女性多,探讨男性人群肺结核病发病的相关因素,有助于结核病的预防与控制。方法采用1:1配比病例对照研究,166例男性初治涂阳肺结核病患者作为病例组,每个病例选取1名与患者同性别、年龄相近(≤3岁)的涂阳病例密切接触者(排除结核病)作为对照;由经培训的调查人员对调查对象进行问卷调查;将所获得的数据双录入,数据采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行处理,首先采用配对χ~2检验、配对t检验进行单因素分析,对单因素分析中有意义的变量再进行多因素条件logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析筛选出13个变量与男性肺结核发病有关联,经多因素分析得出9个变量与男性肺结核发病有关联,其中低收入、承担家庭经济主要责任、吸烟、过量饮酒、生活事件总刺激量、消极应对是肺结核危险因素,其比值比(0R)和95%可信区间(95%CI)分别为4.506(1.949～10.415)、21.449(4.693～98.030)、2.553(1.223～5.331)、4.633(0.958～22.413)、1.023(0.996～1.052)、1.115(1.031～1.205)。而居室通风、婚姻和客观支持是肺结核保护因素,其比值比(0R)和95%可信区间(95%CI)分别为0.062(0.017～0.233)、0.157(0.065～0.380)、0.892(0.786～1.012)。结论在制定结核病防控政策时,要多关注低收入人群,教育人们居室保持通风,减少吸烟、过量饮酒等不良的生活行为方式,减少情绪应激,避免消极应对和增强社会支持将有助于结核病疫情的控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Tuberculosis seriously endanger humans,The population of male tuberculosis patient is larger than female in almost all countries. Discussion about the relative factors of male tuberculosis patient can help tuberculosis prevention and control.Methods:1:1 matched case-control study on 166 cases of smear positive tuberculosis male patients as the case group, 166 cases of people who have close contact with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in family life in the past three years and exclude tuberculosis as control group.The matching conditions:the same sex,age ^ 3 years old.Formulate unified questionnaire survey.Firstly,their datum for single-factor analysis with a matched x2test and a paired t test.The factors which has preliminary statistically significant difference were elected. Secondly,it analyzed the multivariate conditional logistic regression.Results: The results of univariate analysis showed that 13 variables associated with male tuberculosis,which low income,family financial responsibility;,’ smoking, excessive drinking,marriage,house ventilation,negative coping ahd subjective support 9 variables into the multivariate analysis to model.OR and 95%CI were 4.506(1.949～10.415),21.449(4.693～98.030),2.553(1.223～5.331)、4.633(0.958～22.413)、0.062(0.017～0.233)、0.157(0.065～0.380)、1.023 (0.996～1.052)、1.115(1.031～1.205)、0.892(0.786～1.012).Conclusion: In the practice of tuberculosis control,to take the appropriate measures,focus on low income populations,strengthen the education of restricted smoking and alcohol assumption,reduce bad habits such as smoking and alcoholism,maintain good indoor ventilation,reduce emotional stress,avoid negative coping and enhanced social support may help reduce the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.更多还原