【作者】 张存厚； 王明玖； 赵杏花； 郭瑞清；

【Author】 ZHANG Cun-hou~(1,2) WANG Ming-jiu~1 ZHAO Xing-hua~1 GUO Rui-qing~2 (1.Inner Mongolia Agricultural University College of Ecology and Environmental Science,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010019;2.Inner Mongolia Weather Bureau Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Meteorology,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010051)

【机构】 内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院； 内蒙古气象局生态与农业气象中心；

【摘要】 应用锡林郭勒草原9个气象站1971～2007年气象要素作为基础资料,采用Thornthwaite Memorial和Miami模型估算草地生产潜力,并建立理论载畜量计算方法,得出锡林郭勒草原47年理论载畜量分布特征及其变化趋势;利用2002～2007年各个旗县实际牲畜头数折算出锡林郭勒草原的实际载畜量,应用畜草平衡监测模型,对其畜草平衡状况进行分析。结果表明,近年来锡林郭勒草原气候潜力下降,理论载畜量下降,降水是制约本区域草地生产潜力的关键因子;近6年来,大部分旗县的理论载畜量和实际载畜量均有不同程度下降趋势,但2007年的部分旗县实际载畜量又有明显增加,尤其是东乌旗。在锡林郭勒草地9个旗县中,除阿巴嘎旗和东乌旗连续6年均欠载外,其余地区都有不同程度的超载现象,且各旗县超载率呈上升趋势。其中多伦县、太仆寺旗和西乌旗连续6年均处于超载状态,最大超载率为191.51%,出现在2005年太仆寺旗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the meteorological factors during 1971 to 2007 from nine weather station of Xilin Gol Grassland as the basic data,Grassland potential productivity was estimated by using Thornthwaite Memorial and Miami model,calculation method was also built about theoretical livestock carrying capacity.The distribution and trend of theoretical livestock carrying capacity were obtained in 47 years.Actual livestock carrying capacity was converted;livestock-feeds balance was analyzed.The results were as follows:Climate potential productivity and theoretical livestock carrying capacity were decreased in Xilin Gol grassland,the key factor of restricting grassland potential productivity was precipitation.In recent 6 years,both theoretical and actual livestock carrying capacity were trended to decrease,but actual livestock carrying capacity was increased obviously in some counties after 2007,especially Dongwu County.Overgrazing was existed in all the counties of Xilin Gol except Abaga and Dongwu County,and the overgrazing was increasing.Duolun,Taipusi and Xiwu County were in overgrazing for 6 years,the biggest overgrazing County was Taipusi and the overgrazing rate was 191.51%.更多还原