【作者】 徐磊； 侯扶江；

【Author】 Lei XU Fujiang HOU (College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University)

【机构】 兰州大学草地农业科技学院；

【摘要】 黄土高原地区是典型的雨养农业区,以作物/天然草地-家畜综合系统为主导,农业系统的结构和功能随着降水梯度的变化各异。选取陇东黄土高原北部、中部、南部三个典型位点(多年平均降水量依次为329.7mm,438.6mm和565.6mm)的30户农户于2006、2007年连续调查,在分析农业结构的基础上,进行农业系统能量平衡分析。从北至南,户均耕地面积为2.78ha,1.49ha和1.07ha,户均家畜饲养量为34.0SU,19.5SU和11.5SU。采用净能量平衡(Net Energy Balance)的方法根据农户调查数据核算三个位点农业系统能量投入和产出。研究表明最可持续的农业系统是作物-家畜综合系统,能量效益最高的位点出现在降水量最高的地区。综合农业系统农户的能量年平均净收益是28.8GJ/户,而其家畜子系统呈现负的能量收益。发展草地农业可以充分利用资源禀赋,提高作物/天然草地-家畜耦合效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Loess Plateau is a typical rain-fed agricultural area in China dominated by an integrated crop-livestock production system,and hererby the structure and function of agriculture shows spatial differences as the gradient with precipitation change.Three typical regions from north,middle and south in Loess plateau, eastern Gansu were studied for energy analysis of agricultural systems.From north to south,the annual precipitation is 329.7mm,438.6mm and 565.6 mm,respectively.The cultivated land was 2.78 ha/farm,1.49 ha / farm and 1.07 hectares / farm,respectively.The number of livestock breeding was 34.0 SU / farm,19.5 SU / and 11.5 SU / farm,respectively.The most viable agricultural enterprises are integrated crop-livestock operations, with the largest net energy incomes being found in the region with the highest rainfall.Mixed farms have an average net energy income of 28.7MJ,while livestock producers often have a net energy deficit.A tighter integration of crop and livestock systems could play an important role in improving agricultural household welfare.更多还原