【作者】 高原； 赖子尼； 庞世勋； 杨婉玲；

【Author】 GAO Yuan,LAI Zini *,PANG Shixun,YANG Wanling Pearl river fisheries research institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China

【机构】 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所；

【摘要】 于2010年9月采样调查了广东大宝山矿区周边河流的水生生物状况,通过分析浮游动物的种类组成、丰度、生物多样性指数及均匀度等指标及其与环境因素之间的关系,研究探讨了典型的大型多金属伴生矿所排的酸性矿水对浮游动物群落结构所造成的影响,并应用浮游动物群落生态学的若干指标对调查水域的水质污染状况和营养水平进行评价。结果显示:共检出浮游动物46种,优势种类主要有舞跃无柄轮虫(Ascomorpha saltans)、冠饰异尾轮虫(Trichocerca lophoessa)、剪形臂尾轮虫(Brachionus forficula)、长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)和广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)。其中,各调查点浮游动物的种群丰度在0～378.26ind./L范围内;生物量在0～1.99mg/L范围内;生物多样性指数在0～3范围内,均匀度也在0～0.61范围内波动。S1-S3号采样点未检出浮游动物表明这三处采样点的周边水域水质状况严重恶化,已不利于水生生物的生长,S4-S7号采样点的生物多样性指数均在2～3之间,属于轻污染范围。说明随着周边河水的注入,矿区废水中污染物在水体中含量逐步减少,浮游动物的生物多样性增加。相关分析表明,PH、总氮、高锰酸盐指数、硅酸盐及重金属铅、铬等对浮游动物的群落结构及数量分布的影响较为明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 The survey was performed in September 2010 in order to learn the status of aquatic organisms in the surrounding river of Guangdong Dabaoshan Mine.The species composition、abundance、diversity and evenness as well as their relationships with environmental factors were studied.Moreover,The impacts of acid drainage on the zooplankton community structure in Guangdong Dabaoshan Mine which was the typical large multi-metal associated minerals was discussed.The water quality and nutrient levels were evaluated by utilizing a number of indicators of zooplankton ecology.The results show that 46 species in total was identified.In which Ascomorpha saltans 、 Trichocerca lophoessa 、 Brachionus forficula 、 Bosmina longirostrisMesocyclops leuckartia were the dominant species.Among them,Zooplankton had an abundance ranging from 0 to 378.26 ind./L and biomass varied from 0 to 1.99 mg/L.The diversity indexes and evenness of zooplankton ranged from 0 to 3 and from 0 to 0.61,respectively.Zooplankton was not detected in S1-S3 sampling stations which showed that the water quality around in the survey stations was bad to grow for aquatic organisms.The diversity indexes of S4-S7 sampling stations all ranged from 2 to 3,belonging the range of light pollution.The results revealed pollutants in acid drainage reduced gradually with the injection of the surrounding water and the influence of acid drainage on the zooplankton community structure gradually weakened,Meanwhile,the zooplankton biodiversity increased.Correlation analysis showed that PH、TN、COD Mn 、SiO 4 3、Pb 、Cr and so on had extremely significant impact on the distribution of zooplankton.更多还原