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榕小蜂种群内未交配雌雄蜂分布的状况及其作用

Distributions or Functions of Unmated Females and Males in the Populations of Fig Wasps

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【作者】 彭艳琼杨大荣

【Author】 PENG Yan-qiong,YANG Da-rong~* (Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Gaiden,Chinese Academy of sciences,Yunnan Kunming 6S0223)

【机构】 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园

【摘要】 榕树传粉榕小蜂种群内存在极少量未交配的雌雄蜂,而所有的非传粉小蜂种群内均存在未交配的雌蜂或雄蜂,与未交配雄性相比,未交配雌蜂在单个榕果内出现的比率,以及它们的个体数量都较高。在整个种群内,未交配雌蜂的比率可占到雌蜂总量的1.68-77.59%,它们与其种群数量呈显著的负相关关系,但与种群性比率的相关性不显著。当控制非传粉小蜂在一个榕果上繁殖时,结果不存在只有雄蜂后代的榕果,但后代只有雌性的榕果比率均较高,低者有29.3%,高者达80.77%,而且随着繁殖雌蜂数量的增加,单果内未交配雌蜂的个体数量也在增加。在对未交配雌蜂作用已经了解的前提下,本研究最后重点讨论了未交配雄蜂存在的作用。

【Abstract】 In haplodiploid fig wasps,males develop from unfertilized eggs and females from fertilized eggs. There were few unmated females and males in three species of fig-pollinating wasps.However,ten species of non-pollinating wasps showed different distributive patterns of unmated females and males,which unmated females or males existed in all non-pollinating fig wasps.In contrast to unmated males,the percentage of figs containing virgin females and number of virgin females per fig were higher that those of unmated males.In whole populations,the percentage of virgin females was 1.68-77.59%of all females.There was a significant and negative relationship between percentage of virgin females and population size,percentage of virgin females showed no correlation with sex ratio.When non-pollinating fig wasps were controlled to oviposit on a syconium,there were no the syconia containing only male offspring,but the percentages of syconia containing only female offspring were high,the range was 29.3-80.77%.In the syconia,number of virgin females increased with increasing foundress numbers.In the end,we discussed the function of unmated females and males in the population.The presence of virgin females that can produce only haploid male offspring may have several important effects on a range of phenomena such as reproductive strategies,the transmission of parasitic chromosomes and the evolution of eusociality.Whereas,the presence of unmated may influence the oviposition strategies and mating system evolution of non-pollinating fig wasps.

【关键词】 榕小蜂榕树共生交配单倍体-二倍体
【Key words】 Fig waspsFig treesCoexistenceMateHaplodiploid
【基金】 中国科学院“优秀博士论文、院长奖获得者科研启动专项资金;国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670358)
  • 【会议录名称】 云南省昆虫学会2009年年会论文集
  • 【会议名称】云南省昆虫学会2009年年会
  • 【会议时间】2009-09-25
  • 【会议地点】中国云南昆明
  • 【分类号】Q968
  • 【主办单位】云南省昆虫学会
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