【作者】 肖儒雅； 何秀凤； 常亮；

【Author】 XIAO Ruya,HE Xiufeng,CHANG Liang Institute of Satellite Navigation and Spatial Information System,Hohai University,Nanjing,China

【机构】 河海大学卫星及空间信息应用研究所；

【摘要】 预见期短已成为水文预报发挥更大效益的主要障碍,而预见期的延长必须依赖有足够精度的定量降雨预报。GPS技术为探测大气水汽提供了一种新的手段。在简介GPS遥感水汽原理基础上,利用实例验证了地基GPS探测PWV(Precipitable Water Vapor)的精度。指出GPS方法可在降雨发生数小时前提供时空分辨率远高于传统探空探测方法的可降水量序列,且精度达到1～2mm,完全满足区域降雨与洪水预报的精度要求;利用区域GPS网监测大气水汽时加入3个网外辅助站为最佳选择,提高信息处理速度,有助于增长洪水预报的有效预见期。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flood forecast lead-time is thus limited to the natural flow concentration time of a basin,which cannot meet the growing needs in the operational practice of flood prevention and disaster reduction.Global Positioning System(GPS) provides a new means for detecting atmospheric water vapor.Based on briefly introducing the theories and methods of remote sensing precipitable water vapor using ground-based GPS,an example was taken to testify the accuracy.The GPS PWV obtained hours before the rainfall has much higher spatial and temporal resolution than traditional methods as well as the accuracy can reach 1～2mm which can completely meet the requirements of precipitation and flood forecast.Three assistant stations is the best choice for remote sensing PWV using regional GPS network and it can be useful for increasing flood forecast lead-time.更多还原