【作者】 阳仁贵； 袁运斌； 欧吉坤；

【Author】 Yang Rengui,Yuan Yunbin,Ou Jikun (Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430077)

【机构】 中科院测量与地球物理研究所动力大地测量重点实验室；

【摘要】 空间飞行器交会对接需要实时高精度地确定两飞行器的相对位置。用GNSS引导两飞行器交会对接,是GNSS差分原理的一种特殊应用。星载接收机提供的载波相位观测值是高精度定位的基础,但是高精度载波相位观测值存在着初始整周数未知的问题,如何实时可靠地固定相位模糊度仍然是GNSS实时应用的关键技术难题。本文提出了一种有效的模糊度实时解算算法,即在宽巷组合的基础上附加选权约束来固定两种不同波长的宽巷模糊度,然后依据组合法直接求解L1和L2相位模糊度整数解。实验结果显示,应用该算法进行模糊度单历元实时解算时,15公里以内的短基线,解算成功率大于99%,能满足实时交会对接定位精度的要求。为了验证该算法在空间飞行器对接中的应用,本文采用仿真的方法模拟了两飞行器逼近和离开的过程,模拟并实时输出星载GNSS观测量。进而应用新算法实时估计两飞行器间相对位置,精度达到cm级水平。本文的研究不但能进一步完善GNSS相位模糊度解算理论与方法,也可促进GNSS在航空飞行器编队飞行和交会对接等相关领域的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The spacecraft rendezvous and docking needs to determine the high precision real-time relative position and the relative velocity of the two aircraft in high precision real-time.Guiding two aircrafts with GNSS to dock is a special application of the GNSS differential principle.The GNSS carrier phase observables are the foundation for high precision positioning.However the carrier phase exists an unknown initial integer cycles,and the real-time fixed phase ambiguity resolution is the key technologies for the GNSS real-time application.This paper proposes an effective algorithm for single epoch ambiguity resolution:the parameter weights fitting and a constrained method are used to resolve two kind wide lane ambiguities,and the LI and L2 phase ambiguity are then resolved directly based on the combined wide lane ambiguities. Experimental results show that the success ratio of single epoch ambiguity resolution is larger than 99%for a baseline whose distance is less than 15 kilometer Therefore,this new algorithm can satisfy the demand of the real-time high precision positioning.In order to verify this algorithm in the application of the spacecraft rendezvous and docking,a simulation method is used to simulate the GNSS measurements and the process that two aircraft approach and leave.Then the new algorithm is applied to estimate the relative position between the two aircrafts using the simulation data,it demonstrates that the relative position precision achieves the cm level.Therefore,this study will improve GNSS phase ambiguity resolution methods and advance GNSS applications in aviation aircraft formation flying and docking,and other related fields.更多还原