【作者】 李润兵； 王谨； 詹明生；

【Author】 Li Runbing Wang Jin Zhan Mingsheng (State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics,Wuhan 430071,China)

【机构】 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室；

【摘要】 冷原子具有很小的速度和速度分布以及良好的相干特性,利用冷原子物质波干涉特性实现的冷原子陀螺仪,在精密转动速率的测量中有着明显的优势。本文介绍原子干涉仪的基本物理原理、冷原子陀螺仪的物理装置、小型化集成光路、主要电路系统及其冷原子陀螺仪的实验进展,研制了输出功率为1 W的注入放大半导体激光器,其频率稳定性在1 MHz以内,研制了直接数字频率综合器,其频率分辨率在1μHz,实现了冷原子的激光囚禁及其对冷原子的双向对抛,其温度小于30μK,通过调节直接数字频率综合器和冷却光的相关参数,精确控制冷原子的轨迹形成双原子干涉环路的冷原子陀螺仪,该构型将消除拉曼激光相位等不确定因素引起的共模噪声,同时消除重力加速度等初始相位对绝对转动速率测量的影响,以提高冷原子陀螺仪的灵敏度和测量精度。冷原子陀螺仪为新型惯性导航技术领域开辟了全新的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cold atoms have low velocity,small velocity distribution and good coherence,thus cold atom gyroscope displays excellent sensitivity based on the matter wave feature of atoms in precision measurement of the rotation rate.In this paper,we described the basic principle of atom interferometer,experiment setup,compact laser system,electric circuit and the progress of the cold atom gyroscope.Tampered amplified diode laser injected with distributed feedback diode laser was used to construct the compact laser system,whose power is 1W with the frequency stability within 1MHz.We trapped the Rb atoms in the two MOTs with temperature below 30μK using polarization gradient cooling.With the homemade Direct Digital Synthesizers whose frequency resolution is below lμHz,we launched the atoms along the same trajectory accurately and the opposite direction.With this configuration,we will measure the rotation rate of the earth.The dual atom-interferometer Sagnac gyroscope will greatly eliminate the common mode noise caused by uncertainty factor,such as the phase of the Raman laser beams,the gravity acceleration,and it will significantly improve the precision in our experiment.The atom gyroscope will give a new way for the inertial navigation technology in the future.更多还原