【作者】 马义娟； 薛国珍； 苏志珠；

【Author】 MA Yijuan;XUE Guozheng;SU Zhizhu;Instiute of Historical Geography and Environmental Change,Taiyuan Normal College;Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University;Chinese Research and Development Centre on Combating desertification,Chinese Academy of Forestry;

【机构】 太原师范学院历史地理研究所； 山西大学黄土高原研究所； 中国林业科学研究院中国防治荒漠化研究和发展中心；

【摘要】 生态足迹是衡量可持续发展状况的一种定量测度方法,反映了人类对各种自然资源的利用程度。以山西省2003年统计年鉴的数据为依据,对山西省2002年的生态足迹进行了计算和分析。结果表明,2002年人均生态足迹为3.140 hm~2,而人均生态承载力仅为0.869hm~2,人均生态赤字为2.271 hm~2。其人均生态足迹高于全国1.3255 hm~2的平均水平,足迹需求高于全国人均生态承载力0.681 hm~2的水平和世界1997年人均生态承载力2 hm~2的水平。说明人类对区域自然资源的利用已远超过了区域生态系统的承载能力,区域生态经济系统处于过度开发利用的重压之下,无论在国家尺度上还是全球尺度上,均属于不可持续发展的状态,应引起足够的重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sustainable development has gained much concern with society and academic circles,which indicators of sustainable development and the method of quantitative measurement especially.The ecological footprint method,put forward and improved by W.E,Rees and M.Wackernagel since the early 1990 s,is to measure the human impact on the earth and judge whether the human load stays with in global/regional carrying capacity.And it presents a methodologically simple but integrated framework to measure the human using natural capital.In this paper,the authors calculate and analyze the ecological footprint in 2002 according to the data of the statistical yearbooks of Shanxi provinces.The result shows that the ecological footprint and the available ecological capacity per capital of Shanxi province in 2002 is 3.140 hm~2and 0.869 hm~2,respectively,and the ecological deficit is 2.271 hm~2 per capital,which is higher than that 1.3255 hm~2 per capital in China.The ecological footprint per capital is higher than that the average ecological capacity of China and that the average ecological capacity of the world,respectively.The total ecological footprint deficit of Shanxi province in 2002 is 74.77×10~4 km~2,which is about 5 times the area of Shanxi Province.The ecological deficit shows that human load has already stayed beyond the regional ecological capacity greatly,and the regional natural ecosystem is under great pressure of human activities.The present situation of Shanxi Province is disadvantageous for achieving sustainable development,which should be paid sufficient attention.更多还原