媒介素养的视角:上海市中学生吸烟的知信行研究

【作者】 钱海红； 王帆； 孙少晶；

【机构】 复旦大学；

【摘要】 作者分析了2009年对上海市中学生有关媒介素养和吸烟的知信行问题的调查数据。结果显示,上海市中学生媒介接触总量高,但媒介素养偏低,直接的香烟广告深度影响了青少年对于吸烟的认知和态度,并且香烟广告正在以各种更为抽象但是艺术的形式潜移默化地影响着年轻人,并引起他们的注意,获得他们的共鸣;周围环境是否吸烟状态直接决定了青少年对于吸烟危害的认知、对于吸烟的态度,以及对于吸烟行为的选择。在控烟的方式方法上,由于当今社会青少年接触媒介的渠道多、范围广、内容杂,青少年容易受到媒介信息的影响,从而对于吸烟和控烟的认识有偏差。因此,作者建议加强媒介素养教育,帮助青少年树立正确的媒介意识,教导青少年学会甄别媒介信息的好坏,这样对于青少年认知吸烟危害、自我主动减少吸烟行为,以及社会对于吸烟的干预运动具有一定作用。作者建议在具体的工作中,应当有针对性加强青少年的媒介素养教育,避免大而化之,开展同伴教育,创建无烟环境,在控烟的具体的方式方法上的手段需要刚柔并济,从媒介素养的视角为控烟工作做出努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article systematically analyses the investigated statistics of the media literacy and the KABP of smoking of Shanghai middle school students in 2009. The research results show that middle school students of Shanghai have considerable media contact but low media literacy. Therefore, the cigarette advertisements have profound influence on young people’s cognition of and attitudes towards smoking, and subconsciously affect them in an abstract but artful form. All these arouse young people’s attention and identification of cigarette smoking. Also, the surrounding environment (whether family members and friends smoke or not) directly determines young people’s cognition of and attitudes towards smoking. As to the measures and rules to prohibit smoking, nowadays young people have more media contact (more channels, more information, more forms), they unavoidably have wrong cognition about smoking and ban smoking, so the authors propose to enhance the education of media literacy, to help adolescent to set up correct media awareness, and to teach them how to tell the wrong information from the right. All these proposals will reduce young people’s smoking and bring benefits to the social management of smoking. The authors also propose to stress purpose-oriented media literacy education of adolescent, to avoid aimlessness and thoughtlessness, too carry out companion education and create non-smoking environment, co-use of coercive and soft measures to prohibit smoking and to make progress in prohibit smoking from the angle of media literacy.更多还原