【作者】 查玉婷； 胡忠军； 刘其根； 赵梁杰； 崔志辉； 何光喜； 陈来生； 孙月娟；

【机构】 上海海洋大学农业部水产种质资源与利用重点开放实验室； 杭州千岛湖发展有限公司；

【摘要】 2007-2009年对浙江千岛湖底栖动物群落进行了为期3年的研究。共采集到24种,隶属5纲,寡毛纲是绝对优势类群,其中霍甫水丝蚓为优势种。底栖动物的密度和生物量分别为793.8±92.1 ind./m2,2.25±0.32 g/m2。密度和生物量无季节变化,但存在显著的水平空间差异,上游最高下游最低。密度和生物量与水深和透明度显著负相关,前者与水柱混合水样的TN和TP,底部局部水样的TP呈正相关,后者与水柱混合水样的TP正相关。密度和生物量随着水深的增加而增加,在温跃层稍下水层达到最高后逐渐降低。千岛湖底栖动物的垂直分布格局及密度与初级生产力正相关、与溶解氧负相关的结果表明,千岛湖属于寡中营养型湖泊。Wright和Carlander生物指数的评价结果与此一致,上游为寡营养型,中下游为中营养型。而King指数、Goodnight-White指数和Shannon-Weaver指数不适用于该湖的水质评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 The horizontally and bathymetrically spatial distribution patterns of macrozoobenthos were seasonally studied in Qiandaohu Lake of Zhejiang Province in China for three years.Macrozoobenthos were sampled and environmental parameters were measured at 5 stations along upper to lower reaches(S1 at upper reaches,S3 and S4 at middle reaches,and S8 and S9 at lower reaches) in 2007 - 2008.Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected over 3 transects in 2009,i.e.,T1,T4 and T8,traversing S1,S4 and S8, respectively,and 10-15 stations were set along each transect.Totally,twenty-four taxa,belonging to 5 classes,were recorded.Oligochaetes were the predominant group in the macrozoobenthic community of this reservoir in terms of important value(Ⅳ),abundance and standing crop,among which Limnodrilus hoffmersteri was prevailing.The abundance and standing crop were 793.8±92.1 ind m-2 and 2.25+0.32 g m-2,respectively.There were no differences in density and biomass among seasons,which,however, significantly differed horizontally spatially based on the data of 2007-2008 and 2009,respectively,with the maximum at the upper reaches and the minimum at the lower reaches.Density and biomass both negatively significantly correlated with water depth and secchi depth,the former positively correlated with total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) of mixed water samples of water column(MWSWC) and with TP of local water samples at bottom(LWSB),respectively,and the latter positively correlated with TP of MWSWC.Only water depth from eight main physical and chemical parameters of LWSB could finally enter the stepwise regression models to explain the variations of density and biomass of macrozoobenthos in 2007-2008.Bathymetrically,the abundance and biomass both increased with water depth,and peaked just below the thermocline,and then decreased gradually.This numerically bathymetric changes in Qiandaohu Lake conformed to the patterns of vertical distribution of zoobenthos in oligo- and mesotrophic lakes (Brinhurst 1974).The positive association of primary production indicated by the combination of TN,TP and Chlorophyll a and negative relationship of dissolved oxygen concentration with abundance and biomass (Hargrave 2001),and the bathymetric distribution pattern of macrozoobenthos(Brinhurst 1974) indicated that Qiandaohu Lake are oligo- and mesotrophic,in accordance with the results of bioassessment using two biological index(Wright index and Cardanler biotic index) based on macrozoobenthos,that is,T1 was mesotrophic or moderately polluted,and T4 and T8 were oligotrophic or slightly polluted.The other three biological index(King index,Goodnight-Whitley index,and Shannon-Weaver index) based on macrozoobenthos were unsuitable to be utilized to assess water quality in this reservoir.更多还原