【作者】 谭丕强； 楼狄明； 胡志远； 李博；

【Author】 TAN Pi-qiang LOU Di-ming HU Zhi-yuan LI Bo (School of Automobile, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P.R.China)

【机构】 同济大学汽车学院；

【摘要】 车用柴油机排气颗粒在大气气溶胶中占有相当比例,对环境和人体健康造成很大危害。本文使用发动机排气颗粒数量和粒径分析仪EEPS,研究了发动机燃用纯柴油及生物柴油混合燃料的排气颗粒数量及粒径分布特性。所用燃油分别为纯柴油、生物柴油掺混配比为10%的B10生物柴油混合燃料。结果表明:燃用纯柴油时,该机排气颗粒数量随粒径变化大都呈现单峰对数分布形态,而B10燃料则呈现双峰对数分布形态。该机核态颗粒数量峰值粒径范围在6.04nm至9.31nm之间,聚集态颗粒数量峰值粒径范围在39.2nm至60.4nm之间。随负荷增加,燃用纯柴油和B10燃料的颗粒粒径分布形态由聚集态单峰向双峰转化;中低负荷下核态颗粒小于聚集态颗粒数量,高负荷下大于聚集态颗粒数量。与柴油相比,燃用B10燃料的核态颗粒数量浓度上升;聚集态颗粒的数量浓度大都下降。B10燃料的颗粒粒径分布范围要大于柴油,颗粒总数量浓度在低负荷下要低于柴油,表明此时聚集态颗粒数量的影响较大;但中高负荷时要高于柴油,是由于核态颗粒数量增加占有主导因素。随着负荷增加,B10燃料的颗粒总数量浓度呈持续增加趋势,这仍然是核态颗粒数量主导作用的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vehicle related exhaust aerosols have a negative effect on environment and human health, which have played an important role in urban ultra-fine aerosol populations. In this paper, diesel and biodiesel fuels were applied on a direct injection, high pressure common-rail diesel engine. Effects of biodiesel on particle number and size distribution of the diesel engine are studied using an Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS). The base petroleum biodiesel, 10% v/v biodiesel blends (B10 fuel) with the petroleum diesel were tested without engine modification. For the two test fuels, the particle number and size distribution show unimodal or bimodal log-normal distribution, with a nucleation mode peak value in 6.04nm to 9.31nm particle diameter, and with an accumulation mode peak value in 39.2nm to 60.4nm particle diameter. Comparing with the petroleum diesel, the number of nucleation mode particles of B10 fuel increases and accumulation mode particlesat most operating conditions, and the total particle number is lower than diesel fuel at low engine load, and higher than diesel fuel at middle and high engine loads. The total particle number of B10 fuel continuously increases with engine load. Nucleation mode particles dominate the total particle number, and accumulation mode particles show more effects at low engine load.更多还原