【作者】 王乃举； 黄翔；

【Author】 (1.Department of Business Management of Anhui Finance and Trade Vocational College Hefei Anhui China 230601 2.Institute of Tourism Planning and Scene Constructing,Huazhong Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei China 430079)

【机构】 安徽财贸职业学院工商管理系； 华中师大旅游规划与景观设计研究院；

【摘要】 20世纪80年代以来,旅游业从起步到发展到加速发展,深刻地影响和改变着中国文化生态系统自我建构和演化的规律。旅游景区基础设施和接待设施的建设在一定空间尺度上破坏了旅游区的文化依托环境:中外游客的蜂拥而至,潜移默化影响和改变着旅游目的地文化:地域文化的泛化(世俗化、媚俗化——受众最大化原则——市场经济的需求)使其固有的特质在不断地非健康流变;宏观背景下中外经济文化交流对中国社会文化的整体影响间接渗透到旅游业。中国文化由物质文化、精神文化和制度文化三方面组成。文化内部各因子之间以及文化与内外部地理环境之间持续不断地进行着物质、能量和信息互换,以此维持自身的文化生态动态平衡或文化生态失衡。依据文化生态系统理论,结合旅游可持续发展三原则的要求,中国旅游业发展必须符合文化可持续发展的要求。在构建和谐社会、和谐文化和和谐旅游的时代背景下,今后中国应该从四个方面进行文化生态建设,维护华夏文化生态系统的平衡发展,推动旅游业的可持续发展:其一,政府要在旅游文化建设中发挥政策引领作用。发挥主导文化的导向作用和精英文化的示范作用。其二,景区非物质文化演绎应杜绝泛化的诟病,以积极、健康、娱乐的大众文化形式教育愉悦游客。其三,景区物质文化的载体要以中国文化元素为尊,反对崇尚异质文化弱化中国文化的不利趋态。其四,营造中国文化生态社会大环境,确立中国文化价值观主体地位,预防西方文化价值体系的渗透入侵。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1980s,from start to development to accelerative development of the tourism industry,it has a profound impact on and changes Chinese culture ecological system of self-construction and evolution of the law.The construction of scenic spot infi’astructure and reception facilities has destroyed cultural environment at some spatial scales in tourist destinations destruction.With Chinese and foreign tourists flocking to tourist destinations,the culture of them has been imperceptibly influenced and changed.The generalization of geographical culture (secularization,vulgarization- the principle of maximizing the Recipients- the needs of market economy) enhances the inherent characteristics of tourist destinations to change partly or totally.Under the macro background of exchanges between Chinese and foreign societies and cultures,foreign cultures have indirectly infiltrated our tourism in many ways,which accompanied their overall impact to china’s culture. Chinese culture consists of material,spiritual and system cultures.Between various cultural factors and culture and various internal or external cultural geographical environment conduct a continuous exchange of information in order to maintain their own cultural ecological dynamic balance or imbalance.Based on cultural and ecological systems theory,combining the three principles for sustainable development of tourism demands,the Chinese cultural development of the tourism industry must meet the requirements of sustainable development.In the background of building a harmonious society,harmonious culture and a harmonious era of tourism,China should build and maintain culture sustainable development and enhance to maintain tourism sustainable development.At least,here are four aspects advices we need to pursue:Firstly,the Government has to play the leadership role in policy related to building tourism culture,for example,to play a leading role in guiding the cultural elite and the exemplary role of culture.Secondly,in tourist destinations,non-material cultural interpretations should put an end to generalization .By contrast,they should construct positive,health,entertainment, and popular cultural forms in order to educate and please tourists.Thirdly,the carrier of material culture should attach important of all to china’s cultural factors.At the same time,urgent measures should be taken to stop respecting foreign cultures from weakening the Chinese mainstream culture.Fourthly,we should construct a Chinese cultural and ecological environment,to establish dominant position of the Chinese cultural values,and to prevent the infiltration of the Western culture from invasion.更多还原