【作者】 龚时薇； 许燚； 张亮；

【机构】 华中科技大学同济医学院；

【摘要】 了解我国医药卫生资源区域分布的差异性,以期为我国医药卫生资源的优化配置提供政策依据。方法:选取我国境内31个省(自治区、直辖市)7类医药卫生资源指标,应用变异系数、基尼系数、泰尔指数从整体维度和垂直维度对我国省际间医药卫生资源分布的差异性进行分析。结果:通过变异系数计算,结果显示生物制药企业、药品批发企业、三级医院、药品生产企业的省际间分布的变异系数均大于50%;基尼系数计算结果显示,不同经济水平地区的生物制药企业分布差异性较大,其余6类资源项分布均处于绝对平均的状态;泰尔指数的计算结果显示,不同经济水平地区的区域间生物制药企业分布的差异最大,且这种差异贡献主要来自经济发达地区。省际间药品供应资源分布差异性最大的为生物制药企业,医疗服务供应资源分布差异性最大的为三级医院。结论:我国各省在应对突发性卫生事件、人群享有优质医疗服务资源、药品供应能力和患者医疗可负担能力上存在不同程度的差异性。我国应加大经济不发达地区生物制药企业、三级医院建设方面的资源投入,各省内部还应做好区域内的医药卫生资源布局规划,注重各种医药卫生资源城乡投入的均衡性,以便全面提高人群用药和获得优质医药卫生服务的可及性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:Analyzing the regional discrepancy of the distribution of medical and health resources in China,in order to provide the policy making evidences for the optimization of medical and health resources allocation.Methods:Selecting seven indicators of medical and health resources with cross-sectional data from 31 provinces in China,and analyzing the inter-provincial disparities of the distribution of medical and health resources by the application of the coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient and Theil index. Results:The results by the coefficient of variation showed that the values of the distribution variate of 4 resource indicators exceeded 50%,including biological pharmaceutical enterprises,drug wholesale enterprises, tertiary-star hospitals,pharmaceutical enterprises.The calculation results of the Gini coefficient showed the regional discrepancy of the distribution of the biological pharmaceutical enterprises was the biggest. The regional distribution of the other 6 resource indicators is of average level.The calculation results of Theil index also showed the inter-regional disparity of the biological pharmaceutical enterprises was the biggest.And the developed economic regions contribute significantly to the inter-regional disparity.The biggest disparity of the distribution of medical resources is from biological pharmaceutical enterprises.The biggest disparity of the distribution of health service resources is from the tertiary-star hospitals.Conclusion:There are certain discrepancies of the regional government capacities that are described by the performances of the intervention of health emergency events, the high quality of health service,drug supplying and patient health affordable.Our government should increase the financial investment of biological pharmaceutical enterprises and tertiary-star hospitals in economic backward areas. Meanwhile,the province government should have a good health and medicine investment plan, and pay attention to the balance of health resources input between urban and rural region.Some measures make sure that people would comprehensivly access drugs and the high quality of medical and health services.更多还原