【作者】 姜琬； 徐波； 胡军华； 王莹； 孙海艳； 李晓林； 汪卫星； 郭启高； 何桥； 向素琼； 梁国鲁；

【Author】 JIANG Wan~1,XU Bo~1,HU Jun-hua~2,WANG Ying~1,SUN Hai-yan~1,LI Xiao-lin~1, WANG Wei-xing~1,GUO Qi-gao~1,HE Qiao~1,XIANG Su-qiong~(1*) and LIANG Guo-lu~(1*) (1 College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing, 400716 2 Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University,Chongqing,400712)

【机构】 西南大学园艺园林学院； 西南大学柑桔研究所；

【摘要】 灰斑病作为枇杷常见病害,不仅危害叶片,影响树势,还侵害花和果实,造成产量严重下降。本文取田间病叶样本进行发病组织培养和菌株分离纯化,综合致病菌的形态特征、rDNA ITS序列和致病性进行病原菌鉴定,并选用11种杀菌剂采用生长速率法对致病菌进行抑菌活性测定。结果表明,重庆枇杷灰斑病致病菌主要为拟盘多毛孢菌（Pestalotiopsis）,各药剂在不同浓度下对枇杷灰斑病菌的菌丝生长均有不同程度的抑制作用,且抑制率与浓度呈正相关。其中咪鲜胺抑制效果最好,EC₅₀为0.0378 mg/L,其次为唑醚·代森联、嘧菌酯和氟硅唑,其EC₅₀均在1 mg/L以下。本研究综合形态学和分子生物学方法进行了重庆枇杷灰斑病的致病菌鉴定,并对防治药剂进行了室内筛选,可以为田间大面积防治枇杷灰斑病提供一定参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a common loquat disease,the gray leaf spot of loquat not only affects leaf blade and tree vigor,also does harm to flower and fruit,it causes a serious decline in production. In this paper,sample of diseased leaves from the field was chose to do tissue culture and strain separation and purification of the pathogen.Morphological characters of the pathogen were observed and the rDNA ITS sequence and pathogenicity were detected.Meanwhile,antifungal activity of 11 kinds of fungicides was evaluated by measuring the growth rate of it.The results showed that loquat gray leaf spot fungus was Pestalotiopsis in Chongqing.All these fungicides could inhibit the mycelium growth to a varying extent in a dosage dependent manner.Among these fungicides,prochloraz had the best effect(EC₅₀value:0.0378 mg/L),and then followed by thiazole ether.metiram,azoxystrobin and flusilazole which EC₅₀ values were all below 1 mg/L.This study provides a reference for field control of gray leaf spot of loquat.更多还原