【作者】 田歌； 孟利峰； 程慧； 程恩明； 田建保； 尼古拉.安；

【Author】 TIAN Ge~1,MENG Lifeng~2,CHENG Hui~2,CHENG Enming~2,TIAN Jian-bao~2,NICOTRA A~3 (1.Institute of Livestock & Veterinary Sciences,SAAS,Taiyuan 030032,China;2.Pomology Institute,SAAS,Taigu 030815,China;3.;4.Istituto Sperimentale per la Frutticoltura di Roma, Roma 00040,Italy)

【机构】 山西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所； 山西省农业科学院果树研究所； 意大利罗马果树研究所；

【摘要】 分析了22个桃、油桃自由授粉组合F12584单系14个基因性状的分离趋势。与普通油桃品种相比,由矮化基因(dw)控制的短枝油桃品种‘红优’(Red Fantastic)和’红丰’(Red Prolific)的F1油桃实生苗比率高。‘美瞬’(Fairtime)是传递"两极"(极早或极晚)开花、成熟及大果性状的理想亲本;而‘红顶’(Redtop)、‘温勃’(Winblo)及‘莱吉’(Regina)F1中可获得早熟单系;除‘美瞬’外,‘海维’(Havis)和‘法耶’(Fayette)也是选育大果后代的理想亲本。‘早亨利’(Early O’Henry)和‘美味’(Flavortop)品种传递红色果的遗传力强:通常血肉(blood flesh)型果在油桃的F1中出现的几率高于桃的F1后代,而在短枝型亲本的F1中少见,白肉类型亲本的F1中极罕见。圆形果明显多于其他3种类型;‘美味’、‘哈克’(Jacquotte)和‘大都’(Tatura Noon)传递优良风味性状的趋势强,而且在‘大都’F1中,有‘硬肉’(stony-hard)型果实;‘红顶’和‘美味’是选育丰产型单株的理想亲本,而果实品质优异的优系可在‘飞红’(Red free)和‘美味’F1中获得。黏核和半离核亲本通常产生黏核后代,离核亲本产生离核后代;‘米莉’(Millicent)和‘飞红’及短枝型品种是培育紧凑型树形的首选亲本。更多还原

【Abstract】 14 genetic traits of 2 584 open-pollinated seedlings obtained from 22 commercial peach and nectarines were analyzed.Brachytic dwarf(dw)cultivars Red Fantastic and Red Prolific produced more nectarine seedlings than standard nectarine cultivars.Fairtime efficiently transmitted both extreme blooming and ripening traits.For early ripening seedlings,Redtop,Winblo and Regina were suitable parents,while large-fruit parents were Fairtime,Havis and Fayette.Early O’Henry and Flavortop introduced high degree red color in their progeny."Blood flesh" was however more frequently in nectarine than in peach seedlings,less in brachytic dwarf and rare in white flesh seedlings. Round shape was dominant over the other four types.Top flavor selections were expected in the progeny of Flavortop,Jacquotte and Tatura Noon,and the latter could also produce "stony-hard" fruit seedlings.High cropping seedlings were obtained from Retop,Falvortop progenies,and excellent quality seedlings were found in the progeny of Redfree and Fairtime.Clingstone and semi-free stone cultivars produced more clingstone seedlings,while freestone parents more freestone seedlings. Millicent and Redfree were proper parents for plant vigor control in its progeny,and brachytic dwarf types as well.更多还原