【作者】 宋海涛； 瞿慧红； 张泽民； 王资凯；

【Author】 SONG Hai-tao~1,QU Hui-hong~1, ZHANG Ze-min~1,WANG Zi-kai~2 (1.State Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation,Shanghai 200233,China; 2.Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

【机构】 国核工程有限公司； 上海交通大学；

【摘要】 积极发展核电是中国减少温室气体排放、应对气候变化的重要举措,核电作为一种安全、经济、清洁的能源,是当今世界最切实可行能大规模发展的。核电发展不仅关系到我国的能源安全,而且对温气体减排和争取话语权具有重大意义。从生命周期角度考虑,核电生产并不100%温室气体零排放。从铀矿开采、浓缩,到核电站的建设与运营,核废料的处理,直至核设施退役,均涉及温室气体排放。本文建立了生命周期框架,使用相关数据评估了每千瓦时核能发电产生的温室气体,并论述了框架中的不确定因素。与其他发电方式对比表明核电项目实施对减少温室气体排放具有重要意义。并分析了在不同碳排放价格下,不同能源技术生命周期内碳排放对电位电价的影响。成熟稳定的碳排放市场对新能源技术的实施非常重要,核电在此场景下的竞争力亦将大幅提升。逐渐严格的环境政策会将核电碳排放计算变得更加严格,但技术进步将会大幅降低使核电运营时的碳排放。更多还原

【Abstract】 Expansion of nuclear power is a critical strategy for greenhouse gas emissions reduction in China.As a safe and economical and clean energy source,it is always regarded as practical technology for large-scale deployment and carbon -free.However,from the life cycle perspective,nuclear power production is not 100%greenhouse gas free.From uranium mining,concentrating,to the construction and operation of nuclear power plants and nuclear waste treatment until decommissioning of nuclear facilities,greenhouse gas emissions are involved.A life cycle framework is developed with related data to evaluate of generation of greenhouse gases per kilowatt as well as the influential uncertainties.An economic scenario analysis is also applied to calculate the incremental electricity generation cost caused by the carbon emission in the life cycles of the technologies.The results demonstrated that the nuclear energy will become more competitive particularly if there is a carbon trade system.Moreover,the greenhouse gas emission during the nuclear power plant life-cycle will be greatly reduced if more advanced technologies were applied in the nuclear sector.更多还原