【作者】 万芹方； 潘宁； 金永东； 夏传琴；

【Author】 WAN -Qinfang~1,PAN-Ning~2 JIN Yong-dong~2,XIA Chuan-qin~(1,2) (1.Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology,Sichuan University Chengdu 610064; 2.College of Chemistry,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064)

【机构】 四川大学原子核科学技术研究所； 四川大学化学学院；

【摘要】 植物修复的关键是找到理想的超富集植物,通过前一阶段的研究,从51种植物中筛选出芥菜型植物-芥菜对土壤中的铀有较好的富集作用。本文章从以下两方面来研究:1.通过两种不同的加铀方式来模拟铀污染的土壤,考察加铀方式的不同对芥菜富集铀的影响。（1）铀以pH=5,UO₂（NO₃）₂·6H₂O溶液加入土壤;（2）上述含铀土壤放置了1年然后栽种植物。结果发现:在第一种土壤中（第一次修复）,芥菜在铀污染浓度为100 mg/kg时,上部铀富集的浓度最大可以达到1103.42 mg/kg,根部为1909.49mg/kg,年去除率为7.81%;在第二种土壤中（第二次修复）,在100 mg/kg铀污染浓度下,上部铀富集浓度最大为295.83 mg/kg,根部为268.42 mg/kg,年去除率为2.52%。用Tessier五步连续提取法测定两次修复土壤中铀的形态,发现第一次修复时土壤中有效态的铀（交换态和碳酸盐结合态）比第二次修复时要高出52.7%;2.研究了螯合剂（柠檬酸,苹果酸）以及土壤改良剂（有机肥,微生物肥料,腐殖酸,尿素）对芥菜修复土壤中铀的影响,结果发现有机肥会降低植物上部对铀的富集;而柠檬酸和微生物肥会增强植物上部对铀的富集。更多还原

【Abstract】 Screening of perfect hyperaccumulators is the key to the application of this technology.Through the previous stage study,mustard was found to be good at absorption and accumulation of uranium among 51 species,the plant grows fast with wide adaptability and large biomass.Researches will focus on the following two aspects:1.Simulating Ucontaminated soils was prepared by two different ways to add uranium.（1）.UO₂（NO₃）₂·6H₂O solution was sprayed into soil when the plant was grown in the soil;（2）.Above U-contaminated soils after planting and placed for a year. Study on whether the way of adding uranium can effect mustard accumulate uranium.Results found:in the first Phytoremediation, U-contaminated concentration at 100 mg/kg,U concentration in shoots reaches 1103.42 mg/kg,roots reach 1909.49mg/kg,annual removal rate is 7.81%;in the second Phytoremediation,U-contaminated concentration at 100 mg/kg,U concentration in shoots reach 295.83mg/kg,roots reach 268.42mg/kg,annual removal rate is 2.52%. Led to the difference between the twice remediation is the speciation of uranium in soils has changed,respectively, Tessier-five step continuous extraction method for determination of uranium speciation in soils and found available uranium （exchangeable uranium,uranium carbonate） in the soil of the first phytoremediation was 52%higher than the second phytoremediation.2.Study on chelators（Citric acids,Malic acids） and soil amendments（Organic fertilizer,microbe fertilizer,Humic acid organic fertilizer,Urea） whether effect mustard accumulate uranium,found organic fertilizer can reduce shoots accumulate uranium,Citric acid and microbe fertilizer increase shoots enrichment of uranium,.更多还原