【作者】 赵长峰； 张俊黎； 张凤凤； 王惠敏； 李心河； 王淑娥； 王晓静；

【Author】 Zhao Changfeng Zhang Junli Zhang engfeng et al. (Department of Nutrition and Food hygiene,School of Public Heath,Shandong University, Jinan 250012,Shandong,China)

【机构】 山东大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生研究所； 山东省疾病预防控制中心； 山东大学齐鲁医院中心实验室； 山东大学第二医院；

【摘要】 目的探讨不同教育程度人群膳食摄入量和饮食行为与血脂的关系。方法选取不同教育阶层434例血脂异常患者和218例对照人群进行病例对照研究,比较两组膳食摄入情况、血清血脂、血糖水平、血压水平、血液抗氧化酶、维生素E、氧化应激产物水平,进行非条件多因素Logistic回归分析寻找危险因素。结果低等教育阶层病例组谷薯杂豆类、鱼虾类摄入量明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。中等教育阶层病例组谷薯杂豆类、大豆坚果类摄入量量明显高于其对照组,而且大豆坚果类摄入量均明显高于其他两个病例组(P<0.05)。高等教育阶层病例组畜禽肉类、鱼虾类和乳类摄入量均明显高于其他两个病例组。三个教育阶层病例组较其对照组均存在HDL-C降低而LDL-C升高、TG/HDL比值L、TC/HDL比值升高的情况。高等教育阶层病例组较其对照组收缩压和脉压水平高。低等教育阶层病例组血糖水平高于对照组,收缩压和脉压水平明显高于其他阶层病例组。全部病例组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而血清铜蓝蛋白含量、维生素E含量和丙二醛含量均高于对照组(P<0.01);低等教育阶层血脂异常危险因素是失眠、睡前<4h进晚餐、植物油、甜食,保护性因素是家务、体育锻炼,中等教育阶层血脂异常危险因素是饮酒、睡前<4h进晚餐、过量摄入油炸食品、静坐时间过长,高等教育阶层血脂异常的危险因素是吃宵夜、经常接受饮食资助、脉压差大、咸菜、甜食,保护性因素是经常饮茶。结论饮食营养不均衡是血脂异常的促发因素,血脂异常与糖尿病和高血压病关系密切,应同时予以防治;血脂异常患者机体抗氧化能力降低,高脂状态刺激机体产生炎症反应;对血脂异常危险因素的探讨有助于确定血脂异常高危人群和采取针对性的防治措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the dietary intakes and the relationship between dietary behavior and dyslipidemia in the crowd of different education levels.Methods 434 dyslipidemia patients and 218 healthy persons of different education levels were selected randomly for epidemiological case-control study to compare the dietary intakes,the serum lipid,and fasting blood sugar(FBS) level,blood pressure,antioxidant enzymes,vitamin E and oxidative stress products level.Unconditional Logistic regression analysis was used for risk factors of different education levels.Results The cereals-tuber crops-mixed bean and seafood intakes of cases were higher than those of controls in the inferior education level(P<0.05).The cereals-tuber crops-mixed bean and soy-nut intakes of cases are higher than those of controls in the secondary education level(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the various types of food intakes between cases and controls in the higher education level(P>0.05).The meat,seafood and milk intakes of the cases in the higher education level were higher than those of cases in the other education levels;The case group have the lower HDL-C level,higher LDL-C,TG/HDL and TC/HDL level compared with control group in the secondary education level(P<0.05).The systolic pressure and pulse pressure of cases were higher than those of controls in the higher education level,while FBS was higher than those of controls in the inferior education level.The systolic pressure and pulse pressure of cases in the inferior education level were higher than those of controls in other higher education levels.The activity of GSH-Px of all the cases were much lower than that of controls,while the contents of CP,vitamin E and MDA were higher than those of controls(P<0.01).For the inferior education level,the risk factors of dyslipidemia are insomnia,before bedtime<4h for dinner,oil,sweet food and its protective factors are housework,exercise. For the secondary education level,the risk factors of dyslipidemia are drinking,before bedtime<4h for dinner, fried food and sit.For the higher education level,the risk factors of dyslipidemia are eating late snacks,receiving food assistance,pulse pressure,pickle,sweet foods and its protective factors is drinking tea.Conclusion Unbalanced diet is an important trigger of dyslipidemia.Dyslipidemia is closely related with diabetes and high blood pressure,and treat them all;the antioxidant ability of the body of the dyslipidemia decreased,and dyslipidemia can induce inflammation of body.The study of risk factors can help identify the high-risk groups and take pertinent measures.更多还原