【作者】 何露； 闵庆文；

【Author】 HE Lu;MIN Qingwen;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences;

【机构】 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所；

【摘要】 历史悠久、种植技术独特的宣化传统古葡萄园系统是第一个、也是目前唯一的城市农业文化遗产。它有别于其他葡萄园,是一种庭园种植模式,农业生物多样性丰富。本文选取宣化区观后村、大北村和盆窑村三个葡萄园集中的村庄的30个农户开展实地调查,调查区内共有除葡萄外的可利用植物74种(包括亚种和变种),隶属于29科57属。其中属于葫芦科的种数最多,其次是百合科、菊科和茄科。比较了不同村庄和不同架型的葡萄园中的物种数目,在统计意义上没有显著差异。本研究还从用途的角度分析了葡萄园中的庭院植物的生计价值。其中蔬菜用植物共有27种,水果用7种,观赏用30种,其他用途10种。不同村庄的葡萄园生计价值有所不同。在成为全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)之后,可以通过动态保护途径对其进行保护开发,使其可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Garden cultivation of Xuanhua milk grapes, with a long history of 1,300 years of cultivation in the local area, and which mainly includes the traditional technology of funnel frames and polyclonal hole-planting methods, has extremely important historical value and cultural connotations. The Xuanhua traditional grape garden, a typical example of Chinese garden agriculture, not only maintains the national heritage, but also provides a large amount of materials for scientific research on ecology, economy, society and culture, with its outstanding advantages of enriching biological diversity, changing eco-system, assuring food safety by using peasant household methods, and providing the livelihood sources for local farmers. However, this precious traditional courtyard-style grape garden and its culture are being endangered by encroaching urbanization and are decreasing year by year. In 2013, it was designated as one of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) pilot sites. This paper tried to explore the agrobioversity conservation values of these unique grape gardens and provide base line for future GIAHS dynamic conservation. The author selected thirty peasant households from Guanhou village, Penyao village and Dabei village of Chunguang Town which are the core area of Xuanhua traditional grape garden and conducted agrobiodivery survey. According to the result of investigation, there are 74 species of plants except grape in the homegardens used by local people, including 27 as vegetables, 7 as fruits, 30 as ornamental and 10 as other usage. There is no significant difference of plant species among the gardens from different villages and with different types of grape trellis.更多还原