【作者】 江时学；

【Author】 Jiang Shixue Professor and Deputy Director Institute of Latin American Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

【机构】 中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所；

【摘要】 <正>在历史上,拉美是欧洲的殖民地,因此拉美与西方在政治、经济、外交、文化等领域长期保持着密切的联系。这样一种联系必然使其发展模式受到西方文明的诸多影响。在拉美独立战争结束后的近半个世纪内,拉美的政治稳定并没有得到保障。因此,只是在19世纪中叶以后,拉美的"精英"和当权者才开始考虑采用什么发展模式的问题。作为西方文明的重要组成部分,自由主义思想对拉美的"精英"和当权者在思考上述更多还原

【Abstract】 The New World of what is now called Latin America was the birth place of Mayan,Aztec and Incan civilizations,which occupied a spectacular and astonishing position in the pre-Columbus era.With the advent of western civilization in 1492,among other reasons,Latin American civilizations were on the defense at first and then,with the passage of time,sank into miserable decay. Though national independence was achieved in the early 19th century,Latin American nations failed to resist the influence of western civilization.The greatest influence of western, or European,civilization on Latin America was in the economic area.Progress,whose meaning was equivalent to that of"modernization"today,was eagerly sought after by the ruling class and the elites. This paper endeavors to analyze how the development path of Latin America was affected by western civilization.PartⅠwill review the three development model pursued by Latin America.PartⅡwill try to offer a case study by answering why Argentina rose into the rank of top ten wealthy nations in the world at the end of the 19^th century and became a"failed state"in the early 21^st century.更多还原