【作者】 张晖； 孔繁翔； 王世和； 于洋； 张民； 陈美军； 谭啸； 钱善勤；

【Author】 ZHANG Hui~(1,3),KONG Fan-xiang~(2,*),WANG Shi-he~1,YU Yang~2,ZHANG Ming~2,CHENG Mei-Jun~2,TAN Xiao~2 QIAN Shan-qing~2 (1.Department of Municipal Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008, China;3.Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene,Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China)

【机构】 东南大学市政工程系； 东南大学劳动与环境卫生系； 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室；

【摘要】 探讨环境雌激素类污染物的联合作用和混合物环境风险评价的研究方法,预测和评价多种环境雌激素对生物的联合毒性效应。通过对鲫鱼血清卵黄蛋白原含量的相对变化和暴露浓度的非线性回归分析得出17α-乙炔基雌二醇（EE₂）、17β-雌二醇（E₂）、双酚A（BPA）、辛基苯酚（OP）及其混合物产生雌激素效应的剂量-反应关系;混合物由单个化合物等毒性固定浓度比例混合而成;效应浓度值及其95%置信限通过自举抽样法得出;应用相加作用数学模型根据单个化合物的剂量反应关系可预测混合物效应。各化合物非线性回归分析结果均以Weibull函数拟合效果最好,决定系数R²≥0.92;试验得出的混合物效应与通过浓度相加或反应相加作用模型计算得出的混合物效应比较,结果有很好的一致性,表明了4种雌激素化合物呈现相加作用方式,在低于单个化合物的有效作用浓度下也会产生显著的混合物效应。说明了现行的只对单个化合物进行的环境风险评价方法可能低估了污染物的危害,应结合人体实际暴露情况,在科学认识其剂量-效应关系以及联合作用特征和机理的基础上开展更加科学合理的风险评价机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study method on combined effects of environmental contaminant mixture and environmental risk assessment was discussed.Combined effects of estrogenic compounds to high risk life-form were demonstrated and for prediction and assessment of combined effects of environmental oestrogenic pollutants in this paper.Batch tests were conducted to asses the in vivo potency of mixtures of estrogens using plasma vitellogenin concentrations in male Crucian Carp as the endpoint.The estrogenic potencies of 17β-estradiol（E₂）,17α-ethynylestradiol （EE₂）,bisphenol A（BPA）,and octylphenol（OP） were determined following 14 day exposures to the individual chemicals and equipotent mixtures.The mixture was tested using fixed-ratio design. A Nonlinear regression was obtained and a 95%confidence limits of effect concentration was achieved using the bootstrap method.The effects of the mixture can be predicted using a mathematical model based on the concentration and potency of the individual mixture components. The findings of non-monotonic does-response relationship,Weibull function was indicated as the best-fit function（R²≥0.92） with curve estimation.The observed effects of the mixture were found to be consistent with the predicted one,which was calculated with the biomathematical methods of concentration addition or independent action.It is proved as a scientific and feasible method to apply the model of joint action.The observed mixture effects were considerably higher than those of the hormone alone and far exceeded the 95%confidence interval of the estrogen regression lines.The result indicates that there can be a risk of mixture effects,even when each component is present at a low and individually ineffective concentration,combined effects are clearly more toxic than the most potent component alone.Existing environmental risk assessment procedures are limited in their ability to evaluate the combined effects of chemical mixtures,need more consummated.更多还原