【作者】 张海波；

【导师】 郭玲玲；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 大卫·哈维是西方马克思主义代表人物之一,其理论以空间批判为核心,致力于揭示资本主义危机的时空政治逻辑。作为新自由主义全球化时代的见证者与批判者,哈维的学术生涯植根于20世纪70年代以来资本主义的结构性转型:金融资本霸权崛起、城市化进程加速、多种形态危机加剧以及全球化空间重组。这些现象暴露出传统马克思主义危机理论的局限性,也催生了哈维对资本积累时空维度的开创性研究。在其经典著作《资本的限度》中,哈维提出“三块危机”理论,把空间因素融入资本主义批判,阐释了资本主义积累动态和资本主义危机形成过程。本文从背景、内容、评价三个方面对哈维的“三块危机”进行全面梳理,首先阐述了20世纪70年代背景下资本主义的时代特征,以及马克思和马克思主义的学者对哈维危机理论形成的影响。接下来对哈维危机理论的三个部分进行了全面阐述:一是资本无止境地积累倾向带来资本过度积累的后果,并导致价值丧失;二是为加快资本积累的周期,基于货币的信用工具和金融体系导致了新的危机形式;三是资本积累在空间层面上的危机,表现为资本不平衡的地理发展。资本主义利用各种方式,如投资固定资本、空间修复等,来延缓危机的形成和转移危机的影响,但都非根本之策。文章最后客观评价了哈维的危机理论,指出哈维的危机理论继承和发展了马克思主义危机理论,创新了危机形成过程的空间地理视角,有重要理论意义;实践层面,哈维的理论警示我们增强危机意识,在指导经济结构调整转型和促进社会公平持续发展方面有重要意义。哈维运用辩证的方法,全面深刻地阐释了资本主义危机产生的内在逻辑,为理解当代资本主义危机的复杂性与空间性提供了批判性框架。更多还原

【Abstract】 David Harvey is one of the representative figures of Western Marxism,whose theory,centered on spatial critique,is dedicated to revealing the spatio-temporal political logic of capitalist crisis.As a witness and critic of the neoliberal globalization era,Harvey’s academic career is rooted in the structural transformation of capitalism since the 1970s:the rise of the hegemony of finance capital,the acceleration of urbanization,the intensification of the crisis of multiple formations,and the spatial reorganization of globalization.These phenomena exposed the limitations of traditional Marxist crisis theory and gave rise to Harvey’s pioneering research on the spatio-temporal dimension of capital accumulation.In his classic work The Limits of Capital,Harvey put forward the theory of“three crises”,which integrates spatial factors into the critique of capitalism and explains the dynamics of capitalist accumulation and the formation of capitalist crises.This thesis comprehensively comprehends Harvey’s“three crises”from three aspects:background,content,and evaluation,firstly,it elaborates on the zeitgeist of capitalism in the context of the 1970s,as well as the influence of Marx and Marxist scholars on the formation of Harvey’s crisis theory.This is followed by a comprehensive exposition of the three components of Harvey’s crisis theory:first,the tendency of capital to accumulate endlessly brings about the consequences of over-accumulation of capital and leads to the loss of value;second,in order to accelerate the cycle of capital accumulation,money-based credit instruments and the financial system lead to new forms of crises;and,third,the crisis of capital accumulation at the spatial level,which manifests itself in the unbalanced geographic development of capital.Capitalism utilizes various means,such as investment in fixed capital and spatial rehabilitation,to slow down the formation of the crisis and to divert its effects,but none of them are fundamental.The article concludes with an objective evaluation of Harvey’s crisis theory,pointing out that Harvey’s crisis theory inherits and develops the Marxist crisis theory,innovates the spatial geographic perspective of the crisis formation process,and has important theoretical significance;at the practical level,Harvey’s theory warns us to enhance the awareness of the crisis,and is of great significance in guiding the economic structural adjustment and transformation,and in promoting the equitable and sustainable development of the society.Harvey utilizes a dialectical approach to comprehensively and profoundly explain the internal logic of the emergence of capitalist crisis,providing a critical framework for understanding the complexity and spatiality of contemporary capitalist crisis.更多还原