【作者】 高原；

【导师】 彭中礼；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 法学理论， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 自司法案例制度正式建立以来,我国司法案例在数量、种类和规范性等方面都有了较大提升,但司法案例的实践样态和制度的结构性缺失标示既有司法案例制度的权威性严重不足,不断扩大案例供给的措施无法为司法实践提供规则供给的效用,制度构建的目标未及预期。引入权威理论,扩大和细化权威分类,借助“权威言辞”概念的提出和运用,对现行司法案例制度实践效果不及预期的原因进行反思与追问,发现理论支撑的缺乏和实践适用动力的不足是导致司法案例制度权威性不足的主要原因。提升司法案例制度权威性的有效对策就是要让更具数量的,能够有效回应司法现实、切实解决实际问题、具备充分内源性权威的司法案例,以形态恰当的外源性权威迅速而有效地嵌入到司法实践中。具体是由最高权力机关以法律的形式授权最高司法机关确立和推行司法案例制度,通过案例生成与适用各要素的规范化,使原始的司法判决转变为规则化的司法案例:在既定的检索适用和适用保障制度下,已经检索到类案为司法案例时,指导性案例具有有限性法律效力,可以作为裁判依据在相关法律法规、司法解释之后与之一并引用;参照案例、参考案例和参阅案例在众多可能的裁判理由中居于“排他性地位”,形成了充分的事实上的拘束力,可以作为裁判理由在裁判文书的说理部分引述;原案案例的适用与背离也具有相应的说理回应、报告说明以及司法程序上的保障性规定。各类司法案例的内源性权威+外源性权威的二阶层权威得以形成,我国司法案例制度的权威性得到有效提升。(正文共52750字,参考文献88篇)更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the formal establishment of the judicial case system,China’s judicial cases have made significant improvements in terms of quantity,types,and standardization.However,the practical status of judicial cases and the structural lack of the system indicate that the authority of the existing judicial case system is seriously insufficient.The measures to continuously expand the supply of cases cannot provide the effectiveness of rule supply for judicial practice,and the goal of institutional construction has not been expected.By introducing the theory of authority,expanding and refining the classification of authority,and utilizing the concepts of"authoritative words",this study reflects on and probes the reasons why the current judicial case system has not achieved the expected results,it is found that the lack of theoretical support and insufficient practical application motivation are the main reasons for the insufficient authority of the judicial case system.The effective countermeasures to enhance the authority of the judicial case system is to enable a larger number of judicial cases that can effectively respond to judicial reality,solve practical problems,and have sufficient endogenous authority to be rapidly and effectively embedded into judicial practice in the form of appropriate exogenous authority.Specifically,the highest power organ authorizes the highest judical organ in the form of law to establish and implement the judicial case system.By standardizing the generation and application of each element of cases,the original judicial judgments are transformed into regularized judicial cases:Under the established retrieval and application system and application guarantee system,when a similar case has been retrieved as a judicial case,guiding cases have limited legal effect and can be cited as a basis for judgment after relevant laws,regulations,and judicial interpretations.Reference cases,consultative cases,and perusal cases for reference occupy an"exclusive position"among numerous possible reasons for judgment,forming sufficient factual binding force that can be cited as reasons for judgment in the reasoning section of the judgment document;The original cases also have corresponding provisions for reasoning responses,reporting explanations,and safeguards in judicial procedures.The two-tiered authority,consisting of the endogenous authority and exogenous authority of various judicial cases is formed,and the authority of the judicial case system in China is effectively enhanced.更多还原