【作者】 王慧敏；

【导师】 赵大为；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 经济法学， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 党的十八大以来,我国大力推进绿色、循环、低碳发展战略,对生态环境损害的责任追究与修复提出更高要求。在此背景下,我国建立生态环境损害赔偿制度,将磋商机制作为核心纠纷解决方式,旨在通过协商明确损害修复方案与责任归属,推动责任主体主动承担生态修复义务,实现生态环境保护的精准治理。当前,生态环境损害赔偿磋商协议在实践中面临诸多挑战,尤其是协议履行环节的突出问题,严重制约了磋商制度的效能发挥。实践中,磋商协议履行困境主要体现在磋商主体范围不明晰、司法确认机制不畅、赔偿金管理失当、监督体系缺位等关键领域。深入剖析这些问题的成因,从法理逻辑与规范基础层面展开系统性研究,有助于揭示矛盾本质,为制度优化提供理论依据与实践指引。由此,为推动生态环境损害赔偿磋商制度高质量发展,需构建系统化、多层次的优化路径:科学界定磋商主体范围,明确各方权利义务边界;完善司法确认制度,细化适用情形、条件及审查标准,强化法律效力保障;健全赔偿金管理体系,从资金来源、权属界定、管理细则、责任追究到监督机制形成全链条制度规范;完善监督体系,形成多方主体合力共同推进磋商协议的履行。通过上述举措,有望形成政府主导、司法保障、社会协同的多元共治生态治理新格局,为美丽中国建设提供坚实制度支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has vigorously promoted the strategy of green,circular,and low-carbon development,and put forward higher requirements for accountability and restoration of ecological environment damage.In this context,China has established an ecological environment damage compensation system,with consultation mechanism as the core dispute resolution method,aiming to clarify the damage repair plan and responsibility attribution through consultation,promote the responsible parties to actively undertake ecological restoration obligations,and achieve precise governance of ecological environment protection.At present,the negotiation agreement on compensation for ecological environment damage faces many challenges in practice,especially the prominent problems in the implementation of the agreement,which seriously restricts the effectiveness of the negotiation system.In practice,the difficulties in fulfilling negotiation agreements mainly manifest in key areas such as unclear scope of negotiation subjects,inadequate judicial confirmation mechanisms,improper management of compensation,and lack of supervision system.Thoroughly analyzing the causes of these issues and conducting systematic research from the perspectives of legal logic and normative foundations can help reveal the essence of contradictions and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for institutional optimization.Therefore,in order to promote the high-quality development of the consultation system for ecological environment damage compensation,it is necessary to construct a systematic and multi-level optimization path:scientifically define the scope of the consultation subject,clarify the boundaries of rights and obligations of all parties;Improve the judicial confirmation system,refine the applicable situations,conditions,and review standards,and strengthen the protection of legal effectiveness;Establish a sound compensation management system,forming a standardized system for the entire chain from funding sources,ownership definition,management rules,accountability to supervision mechanisms;Improve the supervision system and form a joint effort among multiple parties to promote the implementation of the consultation agreement.Through the above measures,it is expected to form a new pattern of diversified co governance ecological governance led by the government,guaranteed by the judiciary,and coordinated by society,providing solid institutional support for the construction of a beautiful China.更多还原