【作者】 张敏；

【导师】 周先礼； 黄帅；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 药学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 乌头属（Aconitum）植物主要分布于北半球温带地区,我国约有200余种,其中乌头属植物的主要特征性成分是二萜生物碱,具有抗炎、镇痛、抗肿瘤等多种生物活性。宽叶蔓乌头（Aconitum sczukinii）和展花乌头（Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf.）均为乌头属植物,但其化学成分研究还不够彻底。本论文对两种植物的化学成分进行了系统性研究,共得到47个单体化合物,包括6个新的二萜生物碱结构,具体如下:1、宽叶蔓乌头化学成分研究宽叶蔓乌头块根经过粉碎、加热回流提取、酸碱提取得到总生物碱,利用硅胶柱层析分离生物碱成分,结合波谱技术共鉴定得到9个化合物。其中4个新化合物,包括2个C₂₀-二萜生物碱,分别命名为sczukinitine A和sczukinitine B,2个C₁₉-二萜生物碱,分别命名为sczukinidine A和sczukinidine B。5个已知化合物中包括3个海替定型C₂₀-二萜生物碱deacetylheterophylloidine、sczukidine、sczukinine及2个牛扁碱型C₁₉-二萜生物碱dihydrogadesine、consolarine。2、展花乌头化学成分研究展花乌头块根经过粉碎、加热回流提取、酸碱提取得到总生物碱,利用硅胶柱层析分离生物碱成分,结合多种波谱技术共鉴定得到38个化合物。其中包括2个新化合物,分别命名为chasmanthumine A和chasmanthumine B,均为乌头碱型C₁₉-二萜生物碱。剩余36个为已知化合物,其中包括1个光翠雀碱型C₂₀-二萜生物碱denudatine,2个双二萜生物碱bulleyanine B、piepunine,33个乌头碱型C₁₉-二萜生物碱franchetine、kongboendine、genicunine A、talatisamine、chasmaconitine、8-O-ethylyunaconitine、crassicaudine、columbidine、kongboenine、vilmorrianine、longtouconitine、indaconitine、liljestrandisine、hypaconitine、14-acetytalatizamine、forestine、8-O-ethychasmanine、8-O-ethylindaconitine、6-epiforsticine、8-deacetyl-yunaconitine、lipoforesaconitine、14-benzoylneoline、14-benzoylliljestrandisine、ludaconitine、pseudaconine、yunaconitine、sachaconitine、ezochasmanine、racemulosine B、isohemsleyanisine、ouvrardiantine、chasmanine、circinasine E。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genus Aconitum are distributed throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and nearly 200 species are present in China.The diterpenoid alkaloids have been identified as the primary bioactive constituents of this genus,displaying a range of biological functions including anti-inflammatory,analgesic,and anti-tumor properties.According to literature reviews,the chemical composition of Aconitum sczukinii and Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf.have not been thoroughly investigated.In order to discover lead compounds with novel structures and excellent activities,this study conducts a systematic study of two plant species.The chemical components in the two kinds of aconitum were studied by isolation techniques combined with modern spectroscopic technology.Finally,47monomer compounds,including 6 new compounds,were identified.The details are as follows:1.Constituents of Aconitum sczukiniiAconitum sczukinii was processed through grinding,hot reflux extraction,and acid-base extraction to obtain the total alkaloids.Followed,the total alkaloids were separated by repeated separation and purification by various column chromatographic methods to obtain nine compounds.This included four new diterpenoid alkaloids.Sczukinitine A is an atisine type C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloid,sczukinitine B is a hetidine type C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloid,sczukinidine A and sczukinidine B are aconitine–type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids.The remaining five known compounds are:deacetylheterophylline,sczukidine,sczukinine,dihydroglucosine,and consolarine.2.Constituents of Aconitum Chasmanthus Stapf.Aconitum Chasmanthus Stapf.was processed through grinding,hot reflux extraction,and acid-base extraction to obtain total alkaloids.Followed,the total alkaloids were separated by repeated separation and purification by various column chromatographic methods to obtain38compounds.This included two new diterpenoid alkaloids,which were named chasmanthus A～B.Thiry-six known compounds were identified,including one denudatine-type C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloids denudatine,two bis–diterpenoid alkaloids piepunine and bulleyanine B,thirty-three aconitine–type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids franchetine,kongboendine,genicunine A,talatisamine,chasmaconitine,crassicaudine,franchetine,kongboendine,columbidine,kongboenine,vilmorrianine,longtouconitine,forestine,hypaconitine,chasmanine,sachaconitine,14-acetytalatizamine,indaconitine,pseudaconine,6-epiforsticine,8-O-ethychasmanine,8-O-ethylyunaconitine,ludaconitine,8-deacetyl-yunaconitine,lipoforesaconitine,liljestrandisine,14-benzoylneoline,circinasine E,14-benzoylliljestrandisine,ouvrardiantine,racemulosine B,yunaconitine,ezochasmanine,8-O-ethylindaconitine,isohemsleyanisine。更多还原