【作者】 李明；

【导师】 孔凡洲；

【作者基本信息】 上海外国语大学 ， 法律（法学）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 数字时代信息化技术的发展,虽然为人类提供高效便捷的互联方式,但同时也无可避免地导致劳动者难以断开连接,陷入了工作与生活界限模糊不清的困境之中。这一现象表面上增加了工作总量,但以牺牲劳动者的正当休息权益为代价,实质上不利于劳动领域的长期发展,加剧劳资矛盾。面对这一问题,世界各个国家逐渐地通过创设离线权的方式进行回应。现今,我国因无法离线导致的劳资纠纷逐年加剧,亦可以在结合我国国情的基础上,发展本土化的离线权,为保障数字时代劳动者的离线权益提供规范指引。本文将通过研究离线权的基础理论,结合我国的司法实践,分析构建数字时代背景下我国离线权的实现路径。第一章将分析离线权的理论基础。离线权的本质就在于断开连接,区分工作与生活的边界。离线权的创设存在其正当性基础,通过约瑟夫·拉兹的权利理论分别从离线权的独立价值与共同善的角度论证离线权具有正当性,为其合法性提供基础。同时,检视我国的法律体系,宪法、劳动法和民法等法律法规背后所蕴含的保护劳动者休息权益的法理意蕴都为离线权的创设提供了规范支撑。第二章从实践角度分析我国劳动者对离线权的现实需求。首先,无法离线工作加剧了隐形加班现象,严重影响了劳动者的身心健康。同时,劳动监察与权利救济机制在面对数字化办公模式时显得捉襟见肘,难以有效保障劳动者的离线权。因此,构建劳动者离线权不仅具有理论上的必要性,更具有实践上的紧迫性。第三章从国际视野的角度出发汲取域外国家保障劳动者离线权益的经验。目前某些发达国家和地区通过立法等方式保障劳动者的离线权,取得了显著成效。这些国家和地区的实践成果,为我国的数字时代劳动者的权益保障提供了重要参考。值得注意的是,我国设立离线权以保障劳动者离线权益的实现路径与规则构建,应符合我国基本国情,同时吸收外国优良经验来予以确立。第四章结合我国的国情构建符合我国实践需要的离线权规则。首先,通过立法明确离线权的一般规定,将其纳入《劳动法》第四章“工作时间和休息休假”的内容之中。并将离线权纳入集体协商之中,并发挥政府、工会组织的积极作用,并发展离线权的保障救济措施,进一步发展报复性解雇的投诉制度。同时,还应当建立相应的举证责任分配规则,确保劳动者在维权时能够得到有效的法律支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of information technology in the digital age,while providing humans with efficient and convenient ways of interconnection,inevitably leads workers to struggle with difficulty in disconnecting,plunging them into a dilemma of blurred boundaries between work and life.This phenomenon ostensibly increases the total workload but essentially undermines the long-term development of the labor sector and exacerbates labor-capital contradictions at the cost of sacrificing workers’legitimate right to rest.In response to this issue,countries around the world have gradually addressed it by establishing the right to disconnect.Nowadays,as labor disputes caused by the inability to disconnect are intensifying year by year in China,it is feasible to develop a localized right to disconnect based on China’s national conditions,providing normative guidance for safeguarding workers’offline rights in the digital age.This paper will analyze the implementation path for establishing the right to disconnect in China against the backdrop of the digital age by studying the basic theory of the right to disconnect and combining China’s judicial practice.Chapter One will analyze the theoretical foundation of the right to disconnect.The essence of the right to disconnect lies in disconnecting and distinguishing the boundaries between work and life.The establishment of the right to disconnect has its legitimacy foundation.By employing Joseph Raz’s theory of rights,this chapter demonstrates the legitimacy of the right to disconnect from the perspectives of its independent value and common good,providing a basis for its legality.At the same time,by examining China’s legal system,the legal implications behind the Constitution,Labor Law,Civil Law,and other laws and regulations for protecting workers’right to rest provide normative support for the establishment of the right to disconnect.Chapter Two analyzes the practical needs of Chinese workers for the right to disconnect from a practical perspective.Firstly,the inability to disconnect exacerbates invisible overtime work,severely affecting workers’physical and mental health.Meanwhile,labor inspection and right relief mechanisms appear inadequate when facing digital office models,making it difficult to effectively safeguard workers’right to disconnect.Therefore,establishing the right to disconnect for workers is not only theoretically necessary but also practically urgent.Chapter Three draws on the experience of other countries in safeguarding workers’offline rights from an international perspective.Currently,some developed countries and regions have achieved remarkable results in safeguarding workers’right to disconnect through legislation and other means.The successful experiences of these countries and regions provide useful references for China.On this basis,China should establish the implementation path and rules for safeguarding workers’offline rights by establishing the right to disconnect based on China’s national conditions while absorbing foreign best practices.Chapter Four constructs rules for the right to disconnect that meet China’s practical needs by combining China’s national conditions.Firstly,clarify the general provisions of the right to disconnect through legislation and incorporate it into Chapter Four,"Working Hours,Rest,and Vacations,"of the Labor Law.Incorporate the right to disconnect into collective bargaining,leverage the positive roles of the government and labor unions,develop safeguard and relief measures for the right to disconnect,and further develop a complaint system for retaliatory dismissal.At the same time,corresponding rules for the allocation of burden of proof should be established to ensure that workers receive effective legal support when defending their rights.更多还原