【作者】 张明；

【导师】 蒋南平；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 政治经济学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 我国农村常住人口占全国人口的三成之多,其中蕴含的消费潜力规模巨大,因此,促进农村消费对于扩大我国内需,畅通国内大循环具有至关重要的意义。但由于农村地区存在的一系列制约因素,导致我国农村居民消费水平较低,尤其是农村地区被排斥在传统金融服务之外,导致农村居民无法借助金融手段合理安排消费,制约了农村居民消费潜力释放。而数字普惠金融的出现,将数字技术应用于普惠金融,极大扩张了普惠金融在农村地区的覆盖面以及便利程度,打破了农村居民面临的金融排斥问题,有利于农村居民消费水平的显著提升。本文基于马克思主义理论视角,在吸收借鉴已有研究成果的基础之上,从社会再生产过程四环节详细分析了数字普惠金融凭借其普惠特点,通过五大模块业务:数字金融支持、数字理财、数字保险、数字消费信贷以及数字化支付服务对于农村居民消费的促进作用机制,通过逐个分析五大模块业务在单个环节以及四环节相互影响下的农村居民消费促进作用机制,完整构建了数字普惠金融对农村居民的“五模块-四环节”消费促进作用机制,较为准确完整地分析了农村地区数字普惠金融对农村居民消费的影响作用。此外,本文还利用2011年到2021年间31个省(市)地区的面板数据对上述作用机制进行了逐一检验,实证结果很好的支持了理论分析结论。研究表明,数字普惠金融通过向农村居民提供便捷的、可获得的、低成本的普惠金融服务,极大地促进了农村居民消费,并主要通过五大模块数字普惠金融业务在农村地区社会再生产过程各环节发挥消费促进作用:(1)在生产领域,数字金融支持有助于农业农村发展,扩大农村社会再生产,进而扩大农村居民消费。(2)在分配领域,数字保险为农村居民分摊风险,降低预防性储蓄动机,提升农村居民消费;数字理财产品改善社会剩余再分配关系,提升农村社会消费力,扩大农村居民消费。(3)在流通领域,数字化支付缓解农村市场商品交换基本矛盾,扩大流通范围,扩大农村居民消费;数字消费信贷节约货币、加速流通,加速农村社会再生产过程,扩大农村居民消费。(4)在消费领域,数字普惠金融对农村居民消费水平的提升作用还将通过消费对生产的反作用扩大农村社会再生产,从而进一步提升农村消费水平。(5)上述各环节机制并非孤立地发挥作用,而是相互影响,相互促进,形成了一个有机整体,从而极大地促进了农村居民消费水平提升。基于上述研究结论,本文从加大农业农村普惠金融支持力度、加大农村数字理财产品扶持开发力度、扩大农村数字保险覆盖范围、增加农村数字消费信贷规模、加强农村数字基础设施建设五个方面提出了可行的政策建议,为我国农村地区数字普惠金融发展提供理论借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s rural resident population accounts for as much as 30% of the national population,which contains a huge scale of consumption potential,therefore,promoting rural consumption is vital significance for expanding China’s domestic demand and unimpeded domestic circulation.However,due to a series of constraints in rural areas,the consumption level of rural residents in China is relatively low,especially rural areas are excluded from traditional financial services,resulting in rural residents can not use financial means to rationally arrange consumption,which restricts the release of the consumption potential of rural residents.The emergence of digital financial inclusion,the application of digital technology to inclusive finance,has greatly expanded the coverage and convenience of inclusive finance in rural areas,broken the financial exclusion faced by rural residents,and is conducive to the significant increase in the consumption level of rural residents.Based on the Marxist theoretical perspective,this paper,on the basis of absorbing and learning from existing research results,analyzes in detail the mechanism of promoting rural residents’ consumption through the five modules of digital inclusive finance: digital financial support,digital financial management,digital insurance,digital consumer credit,and digital payment services in the four segments of the social reproduction process.By analyzing the consumption promotion mechanism of rural residents under the mutual influence of the five modules and the four links one by one,the paper has completely constructed the "five module-four link" consumption promotion mechanism of digital inclusive finance for rural residents,and more accurately and completely analyzed the influence of digital inclusive finance on rural residents’ consumption in rural areas.In addition,this paper also utilizes the panel data of 31 provinces(municipalities)between 2011 and 2021 to test each of the above mechanisms,and the empirical results support the theoretical conclusions well.The study shows that digital inclusive finance greatly promotes rural residents’ consumption by providing them with convenient,accessible,and low-cost financial services,and plays a consumption-enhancing role in all segments of the social reproduction process in rural areas through five major modules of financial services:(1)in the field of production,digital finance supports the development of agriculture and rural areas,expands rural social reproduction,and then expands rural residents’ consumption.(2)In the field of distribution,digital insurance shares risks for rural residents,reduces the incentive for precautionary savings,and enhances rural residents’ consumption;the products of digital financial management improve the redistribution of social surplus,enhance the consumption power of rural society,and expand rural residents’ consumption.(3)In the field of circulation,digital payment eases the basic contradiction of commodity exchange in the rural market,expands the scope of circulation,and expands rural residents’ consumption;digital consumer credit saves money,accelerates circulation,speeds up the process of reproduction in rural society,and expands rural residents’ consumption.(4)In the field of consumption,the enhancing effect of digital inclusive finance on the consumption level of rural residents will also expand rural social reproduction through the counteraction of consumption on production,thus further enhancing the level of rural consumption.(5)The mechanisms of the above links do not work in isolation,but influence each other and promote each other,forming an organic whole,thus greatly promoting the enhancement of rural residents’ consumption level.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward feasible policy recommendations in five aspects,namely,increasing the support for agricultural and rural inclusive finance,increasing the support for the development of rural digital financial products,expanding the scope of coverage of rural digital insurance,increasing the scale of rural digital consumer credit,and strengthening the construction of rural digital infrastructure,so as to provide theoretical reference for the development of digital inclusive finance in rural areas of China.更多还原