【作者】 吴敏；

【导师】 方敏； 邓少君；

【作者基本信息】 华南农业大学 ， 公共管理硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 重大动物疫病不仅会对养殖生产安全造成严重威胁,还会危害公众身体健康与生命安全,若重大动物疫病防控工作不到位,一旦有疫情的爆发和流行,会造成严重的经济损失和不良的社会影响。养殖户害怕动物疫病发生会造成经济损失,一般会采取各种防控疫病的措施行为,而其中的经济激励可以作为调整和影响养殖户防疫行为的有效工具。建立健全动物防疫体系是做好动物防疫工作的基础和前提,只有通过政策干预督促养殖户防控重大动物疫病,把动物疫病的防控关口前移,控制好动物这个疫病传染源,才能更加有效也更为经济地防范和化解重大公共卫生风险。本文通过实地调研、发放问卷、查阅相关文献资料、面对面访谈养殖户和政府工作人员等方式,了解国内外重大动物疫病防控现状及疫情防控暴露出的现实问题。选取Y市W镇作为实地调研地点,通过问卷调查及面对面访谈的方式了解W镇重大动物疫病防控的具体方式和不同访谈对象对“先打后补”这项政策及其他动物疫病防控激励政策的看法。同时,把收集到的问卷数据和访谈结果采用定量研究及定性分析法,描述该项政策的干预效果,通过图表的方式,对各影响因素进行现状描述,分析影响政策干预效果的原因,提出对“先打后补”政策的研究结论及对策建议。通过实地调研和分析收集到的问卷数据我们得知,“先打后补”政策及政策的推广程度、报销流程的复杂程度、养殖户的风险认知、养殖规模及养殖选址都会影响养殖户动物疫病防控行为。针对这些影响因素,我们提出了降低监测成本、加大对“先打后补”政策的推广力度、简化申请补助的流程、构建动物防疫全链条服务体系的对策建议。综上所述,重大动物疫病强制免疫“先打后补”工作是新时期动物防疫工作的重要内容,利用经济激励的方式,规范养殖户的防疫行为,对于落实养殖场户动物防疫主体责任、强化重大动物疫病防控实效具有非常重要的实际意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Major animal diseases will not only pose a serious threat to the safety of breeding production,but also endanger public health and life safety.If the prevention and control of major animal diseases are not in place,once there is an outbreak and epidemic,it will cause serious economic losses and adverse social impacts.Fearing that the occurrence of animal diseases will cause economic losses,farmers generally adopt various preventive and control measures,and the economic incentives can be used as an effective tool to adjust and influence farmers’epidemic prevention.The establishment of a sound animal epidemic prevention system is the basis and prerequisite for good animal epidemic prevention work.Only by urging farmers to prevent and control major animal diseases through policy interventions,moving forward the prevention and control of animal diseases,and controlling animals as a source of epidemic infection,can major public health risks be prevented and defused more effectively and economically.In this thesis,through field research,questionnaire distribution,literature review,face-to-face interviews with farmers and government staffs,we have a better understanding on the current situation of prevention and control of major animal diseases at home and abroad and the real problems revealed by the prevention and control of epidemics.W town in Y city was selected as the field research site,we developed the questionnaires and face-to-face interviews to discover the specific methods of preventing and controlling major animal diseases in W town,and also,we collected the views of different interviewees on the policy of"vaccinate first and pay later"and other incentive policies for prevention and control of animal diseases.We also used the results of the questionnaire data and interviews to describe the intervention effect of the policy by doing quantitative research and qualitative analysis.Besides,we describe the current situation of the influencing factors in the graphs,analyze the causes of the intervention effect of the policy,and propose the conclusions and countermeasures of the"vaccinate first and pay later"policy.Through field research and analysis of the collected questionnaire data,we learned that the promotion of the"vaccinate first and pay later"policy,the complexity of the reimbursement process,the risk perception of farmers,the scale of farming and the location of farming all affect farmers’animal diseases prevention and control behavior.In response to these influencing factors,we proposed countermeasures to reduce monitoring costs,increase the promotion of the"vaccinate first and pay later"policy,simplify the process of applying for subsidies,and build a whole-chain service system for animal epidemic prevention.In summary,compulsory immunization of"vaccinate first and pay later"against major animal diseases is an important part of animal epidemic prevention work in the new era.Using economic incentives to regulate the epidemic prevention behavior of farmers is of great practical importance for implementing the main responsibility of animal epidemic prevention and strengthening the effectiveness of prevention and control of major animal diseases.更多还原