【作者】 张喆；

【导师】 朱京海；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳建筑大学 ， 环境工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,国内外针对低温污水生物脱氮效率低的问题多以水温为10℃以上为背景展开研究,而对水温低于10℃以下的生活污水研究较少。因此,本文在低水温（7±1）℃条件下,采用四套系统（生物强化驯化SBR,三氯化铁耦合SBR,OPCRP-SBMBBR和PPGC-SBMBBR）通过优化运行模式和参数调试到最佳脱氮效果,并分析优势脱氮菌群结构丰度,以期为提高低温污水生物脱氮效率提供理论参考。结果表明,四套系统均取得较理想的脱氮效果,且均发现一定相对丰度的好氧反硝化菌。揭示了好氧反硝化是高效提高低温污水生物脱氮效率的关键机理。为解决低温污水脱氮效率低提供理论性参考。具体研究结果如下:（1）生物强化驯化SBR处理低温污水可提高脱氮效能。63d实现了SBR启动成功。缺氧3个小时,好氧7个小时为SBR最优操作模式;在此模式及好氧段DO浓度最佳范围为6-7.5mg/L条件下,HRT为84h时,COD、NH₄⁺-N出水浓度可达到一级A排放标准;SBR内优势好氧反硝化菌种总相对丰度为10.66%。（2）三氯化铁耦合SBR处理低温污水可提高脱氮效能。反应器最佳投药量为40mg/L,并在随后10d实现了启动成功;缺氧3个小时,好氧7个小时为优化操作模式;在此模式及好氧段DO浓度最佳范围为6-7.5mg/L条件下,HRT为42h时,COD、NH₄⁺-N和TP出水浓度均可达到一级A排放标准;反应器内优势好氧反硝化菌种总相对丰度为13.37%。（3）OPCRP-SBMBBR处理低温污水可提高脱氮效能。60d实现了处理生活污水启动成功;缺氧3个小时,好氧7个小时为OPCRP-SBMBBR首选的操作模式;在此模式及好氧段DO浓度最佳范围为6-7.5mg/L条件下,HRT分别为42h、24h和34h时,COD、NH₄⁺-N和TN出水浓度均可达到一级A排放标准;反应器内优势好氧反硝化菌种总相对丰度为17.35%。（4）PPGC-SBMBBR处理低温污水可提高脱氮效能。51d实现了启动成功;缺氧3个小时,好氧7个小时为PPGC-SBMBBR首选的操作模式;在低水温并好氧段DO浓度最佳范围为6-7.5mg/L条件下,HRT为28h时,COD、NH₄⁺-N和TN出水浓度均可达到一级A排放标准;反应器内优势好氧反硝化菌种总相对丰度为25.28%。在四种工艺对比中,PPGC-SBMBBR处理低温污水脱氮效果最优,最佳HRT较其他三套工艺反应器（SBR;三氯化铁耦合SBR;OPCRP-SBMBBR）分别缩短了56h、14h和14h。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,the low efficiency of biological denitrification of low-temperature sewage at home and abroad is mostly studied under the background of water temperature above 10℃,while the research on domestic sewage with water temperature below 10℃is less.Therefore,under the condition of low water temperature（7±1）℃,four systems（biological strengthening and acclimation SBR,ferric chloride coupling SBR,opcrp-sbmbbr and ppgc-sbmbbr）were used to optimize the operation mode and parameters to achieve the best denitrification effect,and the structural abundance of dominant denitrification bacteria was analyzed in order to provide theoretical reference for improving the biological denitrification efficiency of low-temperature sewage.The results showed that the four sets of process reactors achieved satisfactory denitrification effects,and heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria were found in a certain relative abundance.It is revealed that aerobic denitrification is the key mechanism to effectively improve the biological nitrogen removal efficiency of low temperature sewage.A theoretical reference is proposed to solve the problem of low biological nitrogen removal efficiency of low temperature sewage.The specific research results are as follows:（1）Biologically enhanced domesticated SBR can improve the nitrogen removal efficiency by treating low temperature sewage.63d realized the successful start of SBR.The optimal operating mode of SBR is 3 hours of hypoxia and 7 hours of aerobic;in this mode and the optimal range of DO concentration in the aerobic section is 6-7.5mg/L,when HRT is84h,the COD,NH₄⁺-N effluent concentration can reach the level A discharge standard;the total relative abundance of dominant aerobic denitrifying bacteria in SBR is 10.66%.（2）The ferric chloride coupled with SBR to treat low temperature sewage can improve the nitrogen removal efficiency.The optimal dosage of the reactor is 40mg/L,and the successful start-up is achieved in the next 10 days;the optimal operating mode is 3 hours of hypoxia and 7 hours of aerobic;the optimal range of DO concentration in this mode and aerobic section is 6 At-7.5mg/L,when the HRT is 42h,the effluent concentrations of COD,NH₄⁺-N,and TP can all reach the level A emission standard;the total relative abundance of the dominant aerobic denitrifying bacteria in the reactor is 13.37%.（3）OPCRP-SBMBBR can improve the nitrogen removal efficiency by treating low temperature sewage.The successful start of treatment of domestic sewage at 60d;3 hours of hypoxia and 7 hours of aerobic are the preferred operating modes of OPCRP-SBMBBR;in this mode and the optimal range of DO concentration in the aerobic section is 6-7.5mg/L When the HRT was 42h,24h and 34h,the effluent concentrations of COD,NH₄⁺-N and TN all reached the level A emission standard;the total relative abundance of the dominant aerobic denitrifying bacteria in the reactor was 17.35%.（4）PPGC-SBMBBR treatment of low temperature sewage can improve nitrogen removal efficiency.51d achieved successful start-up;3 hours of hypoxia and 7 hours of aerobic are the preferred operating modes for PPGC-SBMBBR;under low water temperature and the optimal range of DO concentration in the aerobic section is 6-7.5mg/L,the HRT is At 28h,the effluent concentrations of COD,NH₄⁺-N,and TN can all reach the level A emission standard;the total relative abundance of the dominant aerobic denitrifying bacteria in the reactor is 25.28%.In the comparison of the four processes,PPGC-SBMBBR has the best nitrogen removal effect in the treatment of low-temperature sewage.The best HRT is 56h,14h,and 14h shorter than the other three process reactors（SBR;ferric chloride coupled SBR;OPCRP-SBMBBR）.更多还原