【作者】 方伟；

【导师】 张章； 刘江；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 集成电路工程（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 科学技术的飞速发展,传统的红外通讯设备信号的发送和接收均是由单片机和软件程序代码利用单片机的IO和定时器编程进行功能实现,在当下应用系统需要处理大量的数据和事件,单一的使用单片机完成红外设备的信号发送和接收已经形成大量的资源浪费,并且发送和接收信号的稳定性很差。本文将通过硬件电路实现红外收发器的功能,使用逻辑电路实现红外收发信号的编码和解码,利用IO输出和接收红外信号,可通过寄存器配置红外调制信号的频率和调制形式等。使用硬件电路的方式实现软件功能,大大降低了单片机的运行资源,让单片机有更多的时间资源处理更多的事件,提高硬件片上系统的集成度和红外收发器的移植性。红外收发器由发送编码和接收解码两个主要部分构成。发送编码时将发送数据按照设置的编码格式进行发送;接收解码时将外部接收到的信号接收并解调成数据。根据不同的应用场景设定不同的编码格式和调制脉冲的频率达到超高的兼容性;通过寄存器设置不同的调制脉冲的解调范围设定接收端对干扰信号的过滤性能;采用可变发送波特率改变信号发送的速率,提高发送端的信号传输效率;支持接收调制脉冲信号频率的学习功能,可实现信号接收的自主配置功能;高效的信号同步功能能够稳定处理红外通讯过程中的信号不稳定事件。本文通过红外编码协议的基础原理分析,利用数字逻辑电路设计红外编码的通讯协议的功能电路。采用编译型Verilog模拟器(VCS)和自动化调试系统(V ERDI)验证红外收发器的功能设计符合需求。将红外收发器的设计集成于笔记本电脑(PC)端的嵌入式控制器(Embedded Control简称EC)MCU芯片系统中,并使用赛灵思的A7系列芯片进行FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)的逻辑功能验证。红外收发器嵌入在EC MCU芯片当中作为一个通用性的功能外设,完成红外收发器的逻辑综合和针对布局布线后的时序后仿真,并顺利在中芯国际的180纳米制程工艺下流片。在国产PC端已完成Intel和AMD等CPU的兼容性,证明了其具备作为一个高效、可靠的通信解决方案的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid advancement of science and technology,traditional infrared communication devices have relied on microcontrollers and software programming to implement signal transmission and reception through the microcontroller’s IO collection and timer programming.In today’s application systems that require processing a large amount of data and events,using just a microcontroller to handle the signal transmission and reception of infrared devices has resulted in substantial resource waste,and the stability of the transmitted and received signals is poor.This thesis introduces a method to implement the functions of an infrared transceiver using hardware circuits,employing logic circuits to encode and decode the infrared transmission signals,and utilizing IO to output and receive infrared signals.The frequency and modulation form of the infrared modulation signal can be configured through registers.By using hardware circuits to achieve software functionalities,the operational resources of the MCU are significantly reduced,allowing the MCU more time resources to handle more events,and enhancing the integration of the hardware system-on-chip and the portability of the infrared transceiver.The infrared transceiver design consists of two main parts:transmission encoding and reception decoding.During transmission encoding,data is sent according to the predetermined encoding format;during reception decoding,externally received signals are received and demodulated into data.Different encoding formats and modulation pulse frequencies are set according to various application scenarios to achieve high compatibility;the demodulation range of modulation pulses is set through registers to determine the receiver’s filtering performance against interference signals;a variable transmission baud rate is used to change the rate of signal transmission,enhancing the efficiency of signal transmission at the transmitter end;support for the learning function of the receiving modulation pulse signal frequency enables autonomous configuration of signal reception;efficient signal synchronization functionality can stably handle unstable events during the infrared communication process.This thesis,based on the analysis of the basic principle of infrared coding protocol,the functional circuit of infrared coding communication protocol is designed by using digital logic circuit.The compiled Verilog simulator(VCS)and Automated debugging system(VERDI)were used to verify the functional design of the infrared transceiver.The design of infrared transceiver is integrated into the MCU chip system of Embedded Control(EC)at the end of laptop computer(PC),and the FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)logic function behavior verification is carried out using the A7 series chip of Xilinx.The infrared transceiver is embedded in the EC MCU chip as a universal functional peripheral,completing the logic synthesis of the infrared transceiver and the sequential post-simulation after the layout and wiring,and successfully rolling the chip in SMIC’s 180 nm process.The domestic PC has completed the compatibility of Intel and AMD cpus,which proves its potential as an efficient and reliable communication solution.更多还原