【作者】 陈旭；

【导师】 曾亿山；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 氢能由于其可再生性和无污染性逐渐引起世界各国的重视,氢燃料电池汽车是氢能的一项重要应用。为了保证氢燃料电池汽车的续航里程,需要提高储氢压力至35MPa以上。储氢压力的提升对储供氢系统中的减压装置—氢气减压阀提出了更高的要求。为了研究减压阀的流动特性,优化减压阀的结构以及流场,本文以高压氢气减压阀为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法,研究不同开度及入口压力对减压阀流场的影响,并在此基础上对氢气减压阀进行优化。主要工作内容包括以下三个部分:首先,详细阐述阀门相关的研究方法、减压阀研究现状以及相关流体力学理论,建立锥形氢气减压阀几何模型,采用真实气体模型对不同阀门开度和入口压力下的减压阀的流场进行数值模拟,并分析不同开度、入口压力对氢气减压阀流场中的压力、速度等物理量的影响规律。其次,基于田口算法对氢气减压阀几何结构进行参数化设计,设计三因素四水平的试验方案,依靠计算流体力学对不同试验方案的氢气减压阀内平均湍流耗散率进行计算,分析减压阀几何结构对减压阀内湍流耗散率以及压力、速度等物理量的影响程度,并确定减压阀的最优几何参数。最后,对氢气减压阀流场进行优化。在减压阀出口处增加导流结构,通过构建数值模型计算不同导流板参数下减压阀内的湍动能,分析不同导流板结构对导流性能的影响,并根据分析结果确定导流板的最优设计参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrogen energy has gradually attracted the attention of countries around the world due to its renewability and pollution-free,and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are an important application of hydrogen energy.In order to ensure the cruising range of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles,it is necessary to increase the hydrogen storage pressure to more than 35MPa.The increase of hydrogen storage pressure puts forward higher requirements for the hydrogen pressure reducing valve,a pressure reducing device in the hydrogen storage and supply system.In order to study the flow characteristics of the pressure reducing valve and optimize the structure and flow field of the pressure reducing valve,this paper takes the high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve as the research object,and uses the numerical simulation method to study the influence of different openings and inlet pressures on the flow field of the pressure reducing valve,and on this basis,the hydrogen pressure reducing valve is optimized.The main work content includes the following three parts:Firstly,the relevant research methods of valves,the research status of pressure reducing valves and the related fluid mechanics theories are elaborated,the geometric model of the conical hydrogen pressure reducing valve is established,the flow field of the pressure reducing valve under different valve openings and inlet pressures is numerically simulated by using the real gas model,and the variation law of pressure,velocity and other physical quantities in the flow field of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve with different openings and inlet pressures is analyzed.Secondly,based on the Taguchi method,a parametric design of the geometric structure of the hydrogen decompression valve is carried out,and a three-factor and four-level experimental scheme is designed.The average turbulence dissipation rate inside the hydrogen decompression valve for different experimental schemes is calculated by computational fluid dynamics.The influence of the geometric structure of the decompression valve on the turbulence dissipation rate,pressure,velocity,and other physical quantities inside the decompression valve is analyzed,and the optimal geometric parameters of the decompression valve are determined.Finally,the flow field of the hydrogen decompression valve is optimized,and a guide flow structure is added at the outlet of the decompression valve.By building a numerical model,the turbulent kinetic energy inside the decompression valve under different guide plate parameters is calculated.The influence of different guide plate structures on the guide flow performance is analyzed,and the optimal design parameters of the guide plate are determined based on the analysis results.更多还原