【作者】 周琦；

【导师】 李志明； 葛鹏；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 社会工作（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,伴随社会经济的显著增长和城乡结构的深刻变革,大众的日常行为模式与生活习惯呈现出明显的转变趋势。一种与日常行为密切关联的糖尿病呈现出持续上升的流行态势,该症状表现出较高的流行程度、较低的认知水平以及严重的继发症状发生率,目前已成为影响公众健康的主要慢性病症之一。在长期病程管理中,患者普遍面临生理功能衰退、心理负担加重以及自我效能感降低等多重挑战。现有医学研究显示,虽然该2型糖尿病目前难以实现彻底根治,但相关证据表明,通过系统性的健康干预和患者自我管理能力的提升,能够显著改善血糖控制效果,不仅可以减少相关继发性病变的发生概率,还能够有效延缓病情恶化进程。本研究选取P医院精准血糖管理项目中的参与群体作为研究对象,通过量表与访谈相结合的方式,对于在档2型糖尿病患者进行调查,获得关于2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状与能力提升的困境的相关描述。以认知行为理论为指导,辅以自我效能感理论,以小组工作干预为主要形式,采用能力提升干预小组对广州市P医院的7名2型糖尿病患者进行干预活动,聚焦“认知激活”、“行为重构”、“情绪管理”三个能力提升层面设计活动,围绕着“修正原有认知”、“改变不良行为习惯”、“调节负面情绪”开展活动,旨在探讨通过小组工作方法介入2型糖尿病患者的自我管理能力提升是否具有有效性。在小组介入前后,使用《2型糖尿病患者自我管理现状调查问卷》和《糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表》对小组成员进行前后测,使用SPSS25.0进行数据分析,结果证明经过小组工作的介入,证明了2型糖尿病患者的疾病应对方式得到转变,行为管理能力、情绪管理能力均得到提升。在小组的介入过程之中,通过参与式观察和半结构式访谈收集资料,经过分析证明小组工作在提升2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力层面具有实际作用,为社会工作介入慢性病管理领域提供了理论价值和实践价值。但在活动效果方面也面临着挑战,需要在实践之中继续积累经验,以期提供更为优质的服务。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,along with the significant growth of the social economy and the profound transformation of the urban-rural structure,the daily behavior patterns and living habits of the general public have shown a clear trend of change.A type of diabetes closely related to daily behavior has shown a continuous upward trend in prevalence.This condition is characterized by a high prevalence rate,low awareness level,and a high incidence of secondary symptoms,and has now become one of the major chronic diseases affecting public health.In the long-term management of the disease,patients generally face multiple challenges such as physiological function decline,increased psychological burden,and reduced self-efficacy.Current medical research shows that although type 2 diabetes is currently difficult to be completely cured,relevant evidence indicates that through systematic health intervention and the improvement of patients’self-management ability,the control effect of blood sugar can be significantly improved,which not only reduces the probability of related secondary complications but also effectively delays the progression of the disease.This study selected the participants in the precise blood glucose management project of P Hospital as the research subjects.Through a combination of scales and interviews,a survey was conducted on the in-file type 2 diabetes patients to obtain relevant descriptions of the current status and challenges of self-management ability improvement among type 2diabetes patients.Guided by cognitive behavioral theory and supplemented by self-efficacy theory,the intervention was mainly carried out in the form of group work.An ability improvement intervention group was used to conduct intervention activities for 7 type 2diabetes patients in P Hospital,Guangzhou.The activities were designed focusing on three ability improvement levels:"cognitive activation","behavioral reconstruction",and"emotional management",and were carried out around"correcting original cognition","changing bad behavioral habits",and"regulating negative emotions",aiming to explore how to improve the self-management ability of type 2 diabetes patients through group work methods and the effectiveness of group work intervention.Before and after the group intervention,the"Self-Management Status Questionnaire for Type 2 Diabetes Patients"and the"Self-Management Behavior Scale for Diabetes Patients"were used to conduct pre-and post-tests on the group members.Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0.The results proved that after the intervention of group work,the disease coping methods of type 2 diabetes patients were transformed,and their behavioral management ability and emotional management ability were improved.During the intervention process of the group,data were collected through participatory observation and semi-structured interviews.After analysis,it was proved that group work has practical effects in improving the self-management ability of type 2 diabetes patients,providing theoretical and practical value for the intervention of social work in the field of chronic disease management.However,there are also challenges in the effectiveness of the activities,and it is necessary to continue to accumulate experience in practice to provide better services.更多还原