【作者】 李欣欣；

【导师】 颜翠芳；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 社会工作（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 随着脱贫攻坚胜利收官,“三农”工作重心转向乡村振兴,农村妇女作为乡村振兴的一支重要力量,关系着个人、家庭以及乡村的发展。在乡村振兴的发展过程中,我们要将农村妇女看作积极的参与者,而非被动地接受者。鼓励农村妇女非农就业,帮助其实现增收创富,提升反贫困能力,更好地助力乡村振兴发展。由于受城乡二元制、土地流转以及传统观念的影响,大部分农村男性选择去城市务工,他们的妻子被迫选择了留在了农村,非农就业已经成为许多农村女性农忙之余的选择。如何跳脱家庭照顾者的角色、如何获得家人的支持与认可以及自身能力的限制已经成为农村妇女非农就业路上最大的问题与阻碍。本文以性别与发展理论以及参与式发展理论为支撑,运用参与式访谈法和非结构式访谈法,对L村农村妇女进行深入访谈,探究L村农村妇女非农就业现状。通过走访发现,农村妇女具有一定的非农就业意愿,但是由于自身承担的多重角色,使得自身陷入多重就业困境。例如缺乏内生动力,错误的性别认知以及自身就业技能的缺失。大部分农村妇女都选择放弃自身的追求,而剖析背后的深层原因却又是多方面的,自身、家庭以及社会三个维度都在影响着农村妇女的非农就业进程。针对以上多维度困境,此次小组工作介入活动在访谈对象中选取5位农村妇女,将小组工作方法与性别与发展理论和参与式发展理论相结合,帮助农村妇女强化非农就业意愿,提升就业信心,研究小组工作介入农村妇女参与非农就业的路径。借助社工介入的方法,帮助农村妇女树立正确的性别观念,清晰地认识自我,帮助妇女剖析自身的环境关系,从男女双方入手扭转隐形的“不平等”关系能够促进农村妇女积极地寻求自我发展,再辅以相应的求职技巧与求职知识,可以帮助农村妇女走出自身束缚,强化就业意愿,实现非农就业。最后,针对此次社工介入的效果进行了总结与反思,也从社会工作专业的角度提出了改进措施,在农村妇女非农就业能力提升的基础上,以实现农村妇女自身的可持续发展和增强其反贫能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the successful completion of poverty alleviation,the focus of"agriculture,rural areas,and farmers"work has shifted to rural revitalization.Rural women,as an important force in rural revitalization,are related to personal,family,and rural development.In the development process of rural revitalization,we should regard rural women as active participants rather than passive recipients.Encourage rural women to engage in non-agricultural employment,help them achieve income growth and wealth creation,enhance their ability to fight poverty,and better assist in rural revitalization and development.Due to the influence of the urban-rural dual system,land transfer,and traditional concepts,most rural men choose to work in cities,and their wives are forced to choose to stay in rural areas.Non farm employment has become a choice for many rural women during their busy farming period.How to break free from the role of family caregivers,how to gain the support and recognition of family members,and the limitations of their own abilities have become the biggest problems and obstacles for rural women in non-agricultural employment.This article is supported by gender and development theory and participatory development theory,and uses participatory and unstructured interview methods to conduct in-depth interviews with rural women in L village,exploring the current situation of non-agricultural employment of rural women in L village.Through visits,it was found that rural women have a certain willingness to engage in non-agricultural employment,but due to their multiple roles,they are trapped in multiple employment difficulties.For example,a lack of endogenous motivation,incorrect gender cognition,and a lack of personal employment skills.Most rural women choose to give up their pursuit,but the underlying reasons behind it are multifaceted.The three dimensions of themselves,their families,and society are all influencing the non-agricultural employment process of rural women.In response to the multidimensional challenges mentioned above,this group work intervention activity selected5 rural women from the interviewees.The group work method was combined with gender and development theory and participatory development theory to help rural women strengthen their willingness for non-agricultural employment,enhance employment confidence,and study the path of group work intervention in rural women’s participation in non-agricultural employment.By using the intervention of social workers,rural women can establish correct gender concepts,have a clear understanding of themselves,analyze their own environmental relationships,and reverse the hidden"inequality"relationship from both men and women.This can promote rural women to actively seek self-development,supplemented by corresponding job seeking skills and knowledge.It can help rural women break free from their own constraints,strengthen their employment willingness,and achieve non-agricultural employment.Finally,a summary and reflection were made on the effectiveness of this social work intervention,and improvement measures were proposed from the perspective of social work professionals.On the basis of enhancing the non-agricultural employment ability of rural women,sustainable development of rural women and enhancing their anti poverty ability were achieved.更多还原