【作者】 安然；

【导师】 孙洪波；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 成像系统是现代光学检测领域的重要组成部分,主要负责图像采集、实时监测和数据分析等基础功能。在实际应用中,传统成像系统由于受光学衍射效应和机械结构限制,往往存在大视场角、大景深、高分辨率难以兼容,以及体积笨重难以与微型设备集成等问题。随着光学工程与微纳制造技术的突破,仿生复眼成像系统作为一种受自然界昆虫视觉系统启发而设计的新型成像系统,具有微型化、大视场角、高空间分辨率、快速目标识别与动态追踪等特点,在军事、医疗、航空航天、微型机器人视觉以及消费电子等领域的紧凑型广角视觉成像以及动态目标追踪方面展现出巨大的应用潜力。本论文基于飞秒激光双光子聚合技术的高分辨率与三维加工优势,提出了两种创新的微型仿生曲面复眼结构设计,实现了微型曲面复眼成像系统在视场角、成像景深等性能上的提升。通过优化激光加工参数成功制备出与理论模型高度吻合的复眼镜头,同时搭建精密的光学聚焦与成像测试系统对复眼镜头的光学特性进行评估与性能验证。最终制备得到的微型曲面复眼成像系统具有良好的大视场、大景深成像能力,展现了其在目标识别及追踪领域的应用潜力。论文主要研究内容如下:1.第一章内容为绪论:首先介绍了微型成像系统在信息获取领域的重要意义,接着总结了自然界中的昆虫复眼结构与功能,然后对目前存在的微型仿生复眼成像系统进行了概述,最后对比总结了微型仿生复眼制备技术。2.第二章内容为无离焦微型曲面复眼镜头:首先介绍了飞秒激光双光子聚合加工技术的原理和在制备微型复眼镜头领域的优势,然后搭建了精密的飞秒激光加工系统。针对微型曲面复眼与图像观测系统兼容性差及视场受限问题,提出了一种非均一焦距的无离焦微型曲面复眼镜头。基于优化的激光加工参数,采用飞秒激光双光子聚合加工技术制备出形貌与理论设计高度吻合的复眼镜头;搭建测试系统对其性能进行表征,解决了复眼与图像观测系统的不兼容问题,实现了在宽视场范围下的图像采集。3.第三章内容为大景深曲面复眼镜头:针对现有微型曲面复眼镜头成像时的景深受限问题,设计了一种由两种曲率半径不同的透镜组成的复合子眼,提出并制备了由复合子眼组成的大景深曲面复眼镜头,经测试该复眼镜头形貌符合预期,集成的曲面复眼成像系统也实现了大景深(200μm～10 cm)范围下的图像采集。4.第四章内容为大视场微型曲面复眼成像系统:采用直接加工集成的方式在感光芯片上制备大视场微型曲面复眼镜头,将复眼镜头与先进成像技术相结合,构建了具备大视场角、运动目标识别及快速捕捉等特性的成像系统。综上所述,本论文主要致力于采用飞秒激光双光子聚合加工技术制备经特殊设计的微型曲面复眼镜头并集成高性能成像系统,实现了微型曲面复眼成像系统在成像视场与成像景深领域的扩展,展示了复眼成像系统在图像探测领域的应用潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Imaging systems constitute essential elements in contemporary optical detection technologies,mainly responsible for basic functions such as image acquisition,real-time monitoring and data analysis.In practical applications,traditional imaging systems,constrained by optical diffraction effects and mechanical structural limitations,often face challenges in simultaneously achieving large field of view(FOV),deep depth of field(DOF),and bulky size that is difficult to integrate with micro devices.With the breakthrough of optical engineering and micro-nano manufacturing technology,the bionic compound eye imaging system,as a new imaging system inspired by the visual system of insects in nature,has the characteristics of miniaturization,large FOV,high spatial resolution,fast target recognition and dynamic tracking,and has shown great application potential in the fields of military,medical,aerospace,microrobot vision and consumer electronics.This study presented two novel design approaches for fabricating miniature bionic curved compound eye structures by leveraging the high-resolution 3D fabrication capabilities of femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization(TPP)technology,achieving significant improvements in FOV and imaging DOF.By optimizing the laser processing parameters,the compound lens with a high degree of consistency with the theoretical model was prepared,and a precise optical focusing and imaging test system was built to evaluate the optical characteristics and verify the performance of the compound lens.Finally,the micro-curved compound eye imaging system demonstrated good imaging capabilities of large FOV and large DOF,which shows its application potential in the field of target recognition and tracking.The main research contributions are as follows:1.Chapter 1:Introduction.The significance of miniature imaging systems in information acquisition was introduced,followed by an analysis of natural insect compound eye structures and functionalities.Existing bio-inspired miniature compound eye imaging systems were reviewed,and fabrication techniques are systematically compared.2.Chapter 2:Defocus-free Miniature Curved Compound Eye Lens.The principles and advantages of femtosecond laser TPP technology in fabricating miniature compound eye lenses were elucidated.A high-precision femtosecond laser processing system was developed.To address compatibility issues and limited FOV between curved compound eyes and image observation systems,a defocus-free miniature curved compound eye lens with non-uniform focal lengths was proposed.Using optimized laser parameters,the lens morphology matched theoretical designs with high fidelity.A characterization system confirmed its compatibility and enabled wide-FOV image acquisition.3.Chapter 3:Large-DOF Curved Compound Eye Lens.To overcome the problem of limited DOF in the imaging of the existing miniature curved compound eye lens,a composite sub-eye composed of two lenses with different curvature radii was designed.A curved compound lens with large DOF composed of composite sub-eyes was proposed and prepared,and the morphology of the compound lens was tested to meet the expectations.The integrated imaging system achieved high-quality image acquisition across an extended DOF range(200μm to 10 cm).4.Chapter 4:Wide-FOV Miniature Curved Compound Eye Imaging System.A wide-FOV miniature curved compound eye lens was directly fabricated and integrated onto a photosensitive chip.By combining the lens with advanced imaging technologies,an imaging system capable of wide-FOV,motion target recognition,and rapid capture was realized.In summary,this work leverages femtosecond laser TPP technology to fabricate specially designed miniature curved compound eye lenses and integrate them into high-performance imaging systems.The proposed systems achieve significant advancements in FOV and DOF,demonstrating the potential of bio-inspired compound eye imaging systems in image detection applications.Future research may further enhance functionality and broaden applicability,driving progress in biomimetic imaging technologies.更多还原