【作者】 王燕；

【导师】 夏正清；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 公共管理， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 习近平总书记关于建设体育强国和人民城市的论述,对我国逐步完善全民健身公共服务政策体系具有重要指引作用。上海市相继颁布了《“健康上海2030”规划纲要》、《上海市全民健身实施计划(2021-2025年)》等一系列促进体养融合的政策法规,明确提出了促进养老事业与体育事业融合发展的目标。社区作为城市建设和治理的重要一环,其体养融合发展实践是时代发展与老年群体需求结合的产物。新时代新背景下,上海市以社区为服务单元,关注并满足内部老年群体对健身、医疗康养等项目的需求,提供多样化、个性化的服务,以实现银发群体分层次、多维度的体养需求。本文采用案例研究法、问卷调查法、访谈法、数理统计法等研究方法,厘清人民城市理念下上海市社区体养融合发展要求、关联主体和实践成效。应用协同治理理论与MOA理论,从动机、机会、能力三个维度分析影响社区老人参与体养融合因素并提出八个假设,而后在对上海市挖掘上海市长宁区、静安区、杨浦区等六个市辖区社区老人和工作人员调研走访、数据分析基础上验证假设。本研究以分析社区老人参与体养融合这一行为的影响因素为切入点,挖掘老人参与动机、参与机会、参与能力现状背后折射出的上海市社区体养融合发展实践存在问题,并在借鉴国内外经验基础上提出针对性建议。主要研究结论如下:(1)人民城市理念对上海市社区体养融合提出了以满足人民对美好生活的向往为根本方向、推动社区体育与养老服务的深度融合、加强社区体养融合设施的建设和管理、鼓励社区居民参与社区体养融合过程、完善社区体养融合的政策支持和监管机制的发展要求,关联到上海市政府及相关部门、基层社区、社区居民等多元主体。目前,上海市社区体养融合政策扶持框架愈发健全、服务体系构建日臻完善、长者运动之家、智慧健康驿站等体养融合创新举措落地。(2)围绕参与动机、参与机会、参与能力三重维度,健康需求、社交需求、价值认同、社区资源、政策支持、身体素质、适应能力、经济能力与老人参与社区体养融合行为存在线性关系,正向影响效果显著,且每个自变量对老人参与行为效果强度存在差异。鉴于这8个自变量与因变量之间的联系,上海市政府部门、企业、社会组织可在分析老人参与社区体养融合在主体动机、外在机会、支撑能力状况背后折射问题的基础上对症下药,实现体育养老服务精准对接。(3)以上海市社区老人为分析对象,分析他们在活动参与中存在动机持续性不足、机会利用不充分、能力短板明显现象背后的问题。笔者通过并借鉴洛杉矶、格拉斯哥、广州等国内外地区社区体养融合经验,认为上海市社区体养融合应进一步从满足多元实际需求,定制个性服务方案、完善体养政策规划,深化服务供给机制、降低老人条件门槛,扩充体养服务受众等措施入手,为银发群体提供多元精准体养服务。更多还原

【Abstract】 General Secretary Xi Jinping’s discourse on building a sports powerhouse and a people’s city plays an important guiding role in gradually improving China’s public service policy system for national fitness.Shanghai has successively issued a series of policies and regulations to promote the integration of sports and elderly care,such as the"Healthy Shanghai 2030"planning outline and the"Shanghai National Fitness Implementation Plan(2021-2025)",which clearly set the goal of promoting the integrated development of elderly care and sports.As an important part of urban construction and governance,the community’s integrated development model of physical and health care is a product of the combination of the development of the times and the needs of the elderly population.In the new era and context,Shanghai takes communities as service units,pays attention to and meets the needs of the elderly population for fitness,medical care,and other projects,provides diversified and personalized services,and realizes the hierarchical and multi-dimensional physical care needs of the silver haired group.This paper uses case study method,questionnaire survey method,interview method,mathematical statistics method and other research methods to clarify the requirements,related subjects and practical effects of the integrated development of community physical care in Shanghai under the concept of people’s city.Based on the theory of collaborative governance and MOA theory,this paper analyzes the factors influencing the participation of the elderly in the community from the three dimensions of motivation,opportunity and ability,and puts forward eight hypotheses,and then verifies the hypotheses on the basis of surveys and data analysis of the elderly and staff in six municipal districts of Shanghai,including Changning District,Jing’an District and Yangpu District.Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of the participation of the elderly in the community,this study excavated the problems in the development of community physical care integration in Shanghai reflected by the current situation of the elderly’s participation motivation,participation opportunities and participation ability,and put forward targeted suggestions on the basis of learning from domestic and foreign experience.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The concept of the People’s City puts forward the development requirements for the integration of community sports and health care in Shanghai to meet the people’s yearning for a better life,promote the deep integration of community sports and elderly care services,strengthen the construction and management of community sports and health care integration facilities,encourage community residents to participate in the process of community sports and health integration,and improve the policy support and supervision mechanism of community sports and health integration,which are related to the Shanghai Municipal Government and relevant departments,grassroots communities,community residents and other multiple subjects.At present,Shanghai’s policy support framework for the integration of community sports and health care is becoming more and more sound,the construction of the service system is improving day by day,and innovative measures for the integration of sports and health care such as sports homes for the elderly and smart health stations have been implemented.(2)Focusing on the three dimensions of participation motivation,participation opportunity and participation ability,there was a linear relationship between health needs,social needs,value identity,community resources,policy support,physical fitness,adaptability,and economic ability and the elderly’s participation in community physical care integration,and the positive effect was significant,and the intensity of the effect of each independent variable on the elderly’s participation behavior was different.In view of the relationship between these eight independent variables and dependent variables,government departments,enterprises and social organizations in Shanghai can prescribe the right medicine on the basis of analyzing the refraction of the main motivation,external opportunities and support capacity of the elderly in the integration of community physical care,so as to realize the accurate docking of sports elderly care services.(3)Taking the elderly in Shanghai community as the analysis object,this paper analyzes the problems behind the phenomenon of insufficient motivation,insufficient utilization of opportunities,and obvious ability shortcomings in their participation in activities.Through drawing on the experience of community physical care integration in Los Angeles,Glasgow,Guangzhou and other regions at home and abroad,the author believes that the integration of community physical care in Shanghai should further start from measures such as meeting diverse practical needs,customizing personalized service plans,improving physical care policy planning,deepening the service supply mechanism,lowering the threshold of physical care for the elderly,and expanding the audience of physical care services,so as to provide diversified and accurate physical care services for the silver-haired group.更多还原