【作者】 胡娟；

【导师】 邓沛勇；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 中国作为世界大国,在国际事务中的作用愈发突出,与周边国家的交往合作愈发频繁。在此背景下,俄罗斯作为中国的合作伙伴,中国重视俄罗斯官方对我国国家形象的塑造与宣传,这不仅出于国际关系的需求,更基于人文合作交往的需要。而历史教科书作为官方意志的传播载体,是研究国家形象的重要媒介。基于此,研究俄罗斯历史教科书中的中国形象十分必要。考虑教科书的权威性和时效性,笔者选取俄罗斯教育出版社2021年出版的历史教科书为研究对象。从俄罗斯初中历史教科书的正文、教辅设置、教科书传达的情感态度为切入点,研究其中塑造的古代中国形象,探究俄罗斯历史教科书中的古代中国形象的特征,以及从中得到的教学启示。从时间维度探讨,俄罗斯初中历史教科书主要呈现古代中国先秦、秦、汉、唐、宋、元、明、清几个时期的历史状况;就展现的特征维度而言,俄罗斯初中历史教科书主要突出了“百业勃兴,百家争鸣的先秦”“大一统的秦汉”“多元融合,繁荣开放的唐宋元”“皇权鼎盛,严密管理的明清”;从评析国家形象角度出发,因教科书正文内容的编制特点,故呈现的国家形象受其影响存在的优缺点。为方便对比研究俄罗斯初中历史教科书中古代中国形象,笔者将论文分为绪论和正文两部分阐述。绪论部分包括四方面:一是选题缘由和意义,主要阐述选题背景、理论意义和现实意义;二是界定研究对象;三是国内外有关俄罗斯历史教科书研究的现状;四是本文的研究方法与创新点等。正文部分由四章组成。第一章是对俄罗斯历史教科书改革及现行历史教科书概况的介绍。首先是对俄罗斯较为显著的三次历史教科书改革的背景和内容叙述;其次是对俄罗斯现行历史教科书使用现状梳理,并呈现笔者研究的2021年版本中与古代中国史相关教科书内容要点。第二章是基于对俄罗斯初中历史教科书中古代中国呈现的内容整合分析,以时间为轴划分具有相似性的阶段,归纳各阶段呈现的突出表现及特征。第三章是基于对俄罗斯初中历史教科书中的古代中国史内容评价,并结合第二章形象概述评析各阶段呈现的古代中国形象特征。第四章是在把握俄罗斯初中历史教科书与古代中国史相关内容的前提下,结合当前我国中学历史教育状况,从俄罗斯初中历史教科书叙述与编排的特点中思考对我国中学历史教育教学的启示,并适当在启示中增加教学案例,证明启示的可实践性。最后是选取中国2024版七年级《中国历史》,上册第三单元第9课《秦统一中国》做教学案例,展示完整的一课如何运用教学启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a major world power,China’s role in international affairs has become increasingly prominent,and its exchanges and cooperation with neighboring countries have become more frequent.Against this backdrop,Russia,as a partner of China,China attaches great importance to the shaping and promotion of China’s national image by the Russian authorities.This is not only due to the demands of international relations but also based on the needs of cultural and people-to-people cooperation.As a medium for the dissemination of official will,history textbooks are an important means for studying national images.Therefore,it is very necessary to study the image of China in Russian history textbooks.Considering the authority and timeliness of textbooks,the author selects the history textbook published by the Russian Education Press in2021 as the research object.Starting from the main text,supplementary teaching materials and the emotional attitude conveyed by the Russian junior high school history textbook,this paper studies the image of ancient China it shapes,explores the characteristics of the image of ancient China in Russian history textbooks,and draws teaching implications from it.From the perspective of the time dimension,the Russian junior high school history textbooks mainly present the historical conditions of ancient China during the Pre-Qin,Qin,Han,Tang,Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing periods.In terms of the characteristics presented,the Russian junior high school history textbooks mainly highlight"the Pre-Qin period with a thriving of all industries and a contention of a hundred schools of thought","the unified Qin and Han dynasties","the Tang,Song and Yuan periods with a multi-ethnic integration and prosperous openness",and"the Ming and Qing periods with a peak of imperial power and strict management".From the perspective of evaluating the national image,due to the characteristics of the compilation of the main content of the textbooks,the presented national image has its advantages and disadvantages.To facilitate the comparative study of the image of ancient China in Russian junior high school history textbooks,the author divides the paper into an introduction and a main body for elaboration.The introduction section covers four aspects:first,the reasons and significance of the topic selection,mainly elaborating on the background,theoretical significance,and practical significance of the topic;second,defining the research object;third,the current status of research on Russian history textbooks at home and abroad;fourth,the research methods and innovative points of this paper.The main body consists of four chapters.The first chapter introduces the reform of Russian history textbooks and the current situation of Russian history textbooks.Firstly,it narrates the background and content of the three significant historical textbook reforms in Russia;secondly,it summarizes the current usage situation of Russian history textbooks and presents the key points of the 2021 version of the textbooks related to ancient Chinese history.The second chapter is an analysis of the integrated content of ancient China presented in Russian junior high school history textbooks.It divides the similar stages along the time axis and summarizes the prominent manifestations and characteristics presented in each stage.The third chapter evaluates the content of ancient China in Russian junior high school history textbooks and combines it with the second chapter to provide an intuitive overview and assessment of the characteristics of the portrayal of ancient China in each stage.The fourth chapter,based on grasping the relevant content of Russian junior high school history textbooks and ancient Chinese history,combines the current situation of history education in Chinese middle schools,considers the implications for Chinese middle school history education from the characteristics of the narrative and arrangement of Russian junior high school history textbooks,and appropriately adds teaching cases to prove the practicality of the implications.Finally,a teaching case is selected from the 2024 Chinese junior high school textbook"Chinese History"(Volume 1,Unit 3,Lesson 9,"The Unification of China by Qin"),to demonstrate how a complete lesson can be taught using the teaching implications.更多还原