【作者】 李航；

【导师】 卜文绍； 谭斌赋；

【作者基本信息】 河南科技大学 ， 能源动力硕士（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 无轴承电机不但保持了磁轴承电机无摩擦、无机械噪声的优点,还具有转轴短、临界转速高等优点,在先进制造、飞轮储能、航空航天和生物与生命科学等领域具有广阔的应用前景。无轴承电机一般采用双绕组结构,定子槽中包括转矩绕组和悬浮绕组。独立悬浮绕组的存在不但降低了电机功率密度,还降低了电机工作的可靠性,因此采用单绕组结构是无轴承电机发展的必然趋势。本文主要针对中点抽头式单绕组无轴承永磁同步电机(BL-PMSM)展开研究。论文主要内容包括如下几个方面:1、通过分析现有技术和国内外研究现状,指出中点抽头式单绕组BL-PMSM现有技术存在的问题,如悬浮电流单边注入法的转矩耦合严重、悬浮力不足等。为此,提出一种中点悬浮电流双边注入法的解决方案,并详细介绍了中点抽头式单绕组BL-PMSM的工作原理以及其与逆变器的连接方式。2、利用麦克斯韦张量法建立可控磁悬浮力与不可控偏心磁拉力的解析模型;同时,结合中点抽头式单绕组BL-PMSM的结构特点,提出了一种基于各相“半绕组”结构建立电磁转矩数学模型的方法,所建转矩数学模型能够直观反映悬浮电流对电磁转矩的动态耦合影响,为控制系统设计打下了理论基础。3、利用Ansys-Maxwell有限元分析软件搭建了中点抽头式单绕组BL-PMSM的本体模型,并进行了静态和动态电磁场的有限元仿真实验,验证了所建立模型的正确性。通过悬浮电流双边注入和单边注入两种方式的对比,发现悬浮电流双边注入方法可以极大提高径向悬浮力的幅值,而且能够有效抑制悬浮电流对转矩的动态耦合影响,更有利于对电磁转矩的解耦控制。4、在Matlab-Simulink中建立了中点抽头式单绕组BL-PMSM的控制系统模型。设计了电机本体以及转矩子系统和磁悬浮子系统的滞环控制方式,并对比分析了两种电流注入方式时的控制特点。通过与Ansys-Maxwell动态有限元分析结果的对比,验证了电机本体Simulink本体模型的有效性;通过控制系统仿真实验,验证了所提出控制方法的有效性,表明中点抽头式单绕组BL-PMSM能够实现转子的稳定悬浮,并具有较强的抗转矩和悬浮力扰动的能力,为电机的控制系统设计提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The bearingless motor not only inherits the advantages of frictionless and noiseless operation observed in magnetic bearing motors but also presents additional benefits such as shorter shafts and higher critical speeds.Its wide-ranging applications span advanced manufacturing,flywheel energy storage,aerospace,and biotechnology,making it a versatile solution across various industries.Typically,bearingless motors adopt a dual-winding structure,housing both torque and suspension windings within the stator slots.However,the presence of independent suspension windings not only diminishes the motor’s power density but also compromises its operational reliability.Consequently,the transition towards single-winding structures becomes an inevitable trend in the evolution of bearingless motors.This paper focuses primarily on investigating center-tapped single-winding bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motors(BL-PMSM).The main contents of the paper encompass the following aspects:1.By analyzing existing technologies and the current state of domestic and international research,we identify several issues within the center-tapped single-winding BL-PMSM technology.These include significant torque coupling and inadequate suspension force resulting from the single-sided injection of suspension current.To address these issues,a solution involving the dual-sided injection of suspension current is proposed.Furthermore,a detailed explanation of the working principle of the center-tapped single-winding BL-PMSM and its connection with the inverter is provided.2.Utilizing the Maxwell tensor method,an analytical model is developed for the controllable magnetic suspension force and the uncontrollable eccentric magnetic tension.Additionally,considering the structural characteristics of the center-tapped single-winding BL-PMSM,a method based on the"half-winding"structure of each phase is proposed to establish a mathematical model for electromagnetic torque.This torque model can intuitively reflect the dynamic coupling effects of suspension current on electromagnetic torque,laying the theoretical foundation for the design of control systems.3.The finite element analysis software Ansys-Maxwell is utilized to construct the physical model of the center-tapped single-winding BL-PMSM and conduct finite element simulations of both static and dynamic electromagnetic fields to validate the established model.By juxtaposing the dual-sided and single-sided injection methods of suspension current,we ascertain that the former notably amplifies the radial suspension force and adeptly mitigates the dynamic coupling effects of suspension current on torque.Consequently,this approach facilitates superior decoupling control of electromagnetic torque.4.A control system model for the center-tapped single-winding BL-PMSM is established in Matlab-Simulink.The control strategy entails the design of hysteresis loop control for both the motor body and the torque and magnetic suspension subsystems.A comparative analysis of the control characteristics between the two methods of current injection is conducted.Through a comparison with dynamic finite element analysis results from Ansys-Maxwell,we validate the effectiveness of the Simulink model for the motor body.Through simulation experiments of the control system,the efficacy of the proposed control methods is confirmed,demonstrating that the center-tapped single-winding BL-PMSM can achieve stable rotor suspension with robust resistance against torque and suspension force disturbances,thereby providing valuable insights for practical motor applications.更多还原