【作者】 黄斌；

【导师】 范晓波；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 法学， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 我国专利侵权损害赔偿制度长期面临法定赔偿泛化、许可使用费计算法适用率低、倍数规则合理性存疑等问题。本研究通过聚焦我国现行许可使用费计算法面临的现实挑战以及其成因,梳理其他国家普遍适用的许可使用费计算法,深入解析其核心要义与适用范围,并据此为我国许可使用费计算法的完善提供建设性路径。第一章从理论基础切入,阐明专利侵权损害的本质是专利价值的减损。并通过立法回顾与四种赔偿计算法的比较分析等,论证了许可使用费作为专利价值最佳体现的合理性并揭示了该法在发达国家高使用率的制度优势。第二章基于实证研究来剖析我国许可使用费计算法适用率低的原因,揭示司法实践中存在真实性审查标准混乱、合理性审查缺乏方法论支撑、倍数规则功能失衡以及赔偿计算法顺位僵化等问题,最终导致赔偿金额与专利价值严重脱节。第三章进行域外“许可使用费计算法”的适用研究,通过美、日、德三国制度研究,总结出“市场定价优先、动态要素评估、司法裁量灵活”的共性特征,为我国制度优化提供参考建议。第四章提出以下完善路径:取消赔偿计算顺位规则,赋予权利人自由选择权,引入“虚拟谈判法”动态评估专利价值;废除许可使用费倍数规则,回归补偿性赔偿本质,衔接惩罚性赔偿制度;扩展“可参照许可使用费”范围,涵盖相似专利许可使用费、和解协议中许可使用费及设备租金,构建多维参照体系;统一真实性审查标准,以“合同+支付凭证”推定效力,降低举证门槛;强化可比性审查机制,细化技术关联度、许可条件及实施规模等比对要素。以期推动我国专利侵权损害赔偿制度走向更加合理、统一与可预期的路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s patent infringement damages system has long faced systemic challenges,including the over-reliance on statutory damages,low application rates of royalty-based calculation methods,and questionable rationality of multiplicative rules.This paper analyzes the dilemmas inherent in China’s current royalty-based calculation framework,explores the root causes of these issues,examines the connotation and extension of royalty-based methods widely adopted in other jurisdictions,and ultimately proposes targeted reforms to improve China’s patent royalty calculation system.Chapter1 begins with theoretical foundations,clarifying that the essence of patent infringement damage lies in the diminution of patent value.Through a legislative review and comparative analysis of four damage calculation methods,it justifies the legitimacy of royalties as the optimal reflection of patent value and highlights the institutional advantages of their high utilization rates in developed countries.Chapter2,based on empirical research,dissects the causes of the low application rate of royalty-based methods in China.It reveals systemic flaws in judicial practice,such as inconsistent authenticity review standards,methodological deficiencies in reasonableness assessments,functional imbalances in multiplicative rules,and rigid hierarchies among damage calculation methods,all of which result in a severe disconnect between compensation amounts and patent value.Chapter3 conducts a comparative study of royalty-based methods in foreign jurisdictions,focusing on the U.S.,Japan,and Germany.It identifies common features such as“market-driven pricing,”“dynamic multi-factor evaluation,”and“flexible judicial discretion,”offering actionable references for optimizing China’s system.To address these issues,this paper proposes reforms:eliminate the hierarchical order of damage calculation methods,empowering right holders to freely choose methods and introducing a virtual negotiation method for dynamic royalty assessment;abolish the multiplicative rule to restore compensatory principles while aligning with punitive damages;expand“referenceable royalties”to include analogous patents,settlement agreements,and technology-embedded equipment rents,constructing a multi-dimensional framework;standardize authenticity review criteria by presuming validity based on contracts and payment receipts,reducing evidentiary burdens;and enhance comparability reviews by refining technical relevance,licensing terms,and implementation scales.These measures aim to realign damages with patent market value,transitioning from“arbitrary estimation”to“precision calculation,”and fostering a balanced,predictable patent enforcement regime.更多还原