【作者】 李浩；

【导师】 于淼；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 工商管理（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 项目起源于需求提出,以需求的满足和项目成果交付为终,因此项目需求管理能力对项目的成功落地至关重要。面对要求严苛的汽车工业,汽车零部件生产企业要从项目的源头——项目需求管理开始入手,采用重心前移的方法来达到控制项目范围、缩短新产品项目开发周期、快速响应客户提出的需求、减少返工和控制产品成本的目的。本论文以R公司(汽车零部件生产制造企业)的新产品开发项目为研究对象。首先,按照新产品开发过程的四个阶段对历史项目信息进行全面详细的收集、梳理,总结出了四个典型的案例来分析新产品开发项目需求管理中存在的问题,也就是不断增加的项目新需求、扩产能的需求无法被满足、需求变更总是跟不上以及利益相关方的需求冲突之战。然后,运用文献研究法、案例分析法、访谈法、5why分析法以及头脑风暴法对发现的问题进行系统的分析,结合项目需求管理理论和利益相关方管理理论,得出问题的根本原因,即项目需求挖掘不充分、项目需求管理流程缺少闭环反馈、项目需求管理工具和方法不合理以及利益相关方的需求缺少统一管理。随后,对这些关键的因素进行深入研究,从组织、流程、工具以及方法四个方面入手,提出了科学合理的解决方案,即组建项目需求收集分析焦点小组、完善项目需求管理流程、建立需求跟踪矩阵和优化统一利益相关方的需求管理方法。最后,针对解决方案的落地,从人员配置、绩效考核以及信息化的提升三个方面提出了保障措施。本文旨在从项目需求管理的层面上研究、讨论并提供科学合理的工具、方法对R公司新产品开发项目需求管理的全流程进行跟踪和监控。通过这些措施来控制项目范围、缩短新产品开发项目周期、避免项目返工造成的成本增加、提升企业快速响应客户产品需求的能力。从根本上解决R公司新产品开发项目需求管理中的问题,同时也希望该解决方案可以为其他汽车零部件企业提供参考意见和启发。更多还原

【Abstract】 The project originated from the demand proposals,with the satisfaction of requirements and delivery of project outcomes as the goal.Therefore,the competence of project requirement management is crucial for the successful implementation of the project.Faced with demanding automotive industry,automotive component manufacturing companies need to start from the source of projects,project requirement management,using a forwardthinking approach to achieve control project scope,shortened development cycles for new product projects,rapid response to customer demands,reduction in rework and control over product costs.This thesis takes the new product development project in R Company(an automotive parts manufacturing enterprise)as the research object.Firstly,historical project information is comprehensively and detailed collected and sorted according to the four stages of new product development process.Four typical cases are summarized to analyze the problems in project requirement management,including increasing project new requirements,inability to meet demand for expanded production capacity,failure to keep up with changing requirements,and a war of conflicting needs among stakeholders.Then,using literature research method,case analysis method,interview method,5why analysis method and brainstorming method to systematically analyze the discovered problems,combined with project requirement management theory and stakeholder management theory.The root causes of these problems are insufficient project requirement mining;lack of closed-loop feedback in the project requirements management process;unreasonable tools and methods for managing project requirements;lack of unified management for stakeholder demands.Subsequently,these key factors are deeply studied from four aspects: organization,process,tools,and methods.Scientifically reasonable solutions are proposed which include establishing a focus group for collecting and analyzing project requirements;improving the process for managing project requirements;establishing a requirement tracking matrix;optimizing unified stakeholder demand management methods.Finally,measures are proposed from three aspects: personnel configuration,performance evaluation and informationization improvement to ensure that solutions can be implemented effectively.The purpose of this article is to study,discuss,and provide scientifically reasonable tools and methods for the tracking and monitoring of the entire process of requirement management in R Company’s new product development projects.These measures aim to control project scope,shorten the project cycle,avoid cost increases caused by rework,and enhance the company’s ability to quickly respond to customer product demands.By fundamentally addressing the issues in requirement management for R Company’s new product development projects,it is also hoped that this solution can serve as a reference and inspiration for other automotive component companies.更多还原