【作者】 李伟；

【导师】 顾倍先；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在认知语言学中,人们如何理解语言是一个核心问题。传统的非模态符号系统表征理论受到了Barsalou感知符号系统理论的挑战。感知符号系统理论认为,在语言理解过程中,人的大脑会自动激活感知符号信息并进行心理模拟。基于这一理论,大量实证研究为语言理解过程中的心理模拟提供了证据。然而,物体方向作为感知信息的一个关键方面,与其他视觉属性(如形状、颜色和大小)相比,受到的关注较少。此外,这一领域的研究大多集中在英语和其他印欧语言上,缺乏针对汉语的研究来进一步证明心理模拟的效果。因此,本论文旨在探讨汉语普通话句子理解过程中物体方向信息的心理模拟及其与心理意象的关系。本研究采用经典的句子-图片识别任务,共招募120名被试进行问卷前测和行为实验。在实验过程中,被试按照指导语的要求阅读句子,并在理解意思后进行按键反应,随后屏幕上出现一张暗示物体方向的图片,被试需要判断图片中的物体是否在前面的句子中被提到过。实验结果表明,被试在句-图匹配条件下的反应比在不匹配条件下的更准确且速度更快,在物体垂直方向任务中的反应比在水平方向的更准确且速度更快。此外,根据视觉生动性问卷结果显示,心理模拟与心理意象之间无显著相关关系。因此,在汉语句子理解过程中,人脑会激活物体方向信息的感知符号,并对其进行心理模拟。本研究的结论支持感知符号系统理论,为具身认知和句子理解中的心理模拟提供了更多的实证证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In psycholinguistics,the study of language comprehension is one of the core issues.Traditional amodal symbol system representation theory has been challenged by Barsalou’s Perceptual Symbol System theory.The Perceptual Symbol System theory indicates that perceptual symbols will be mentally simulated and automatically activated in the human brain in the process of language comprehension.Based on this theory,many empirical studies have provided evidence for mental simulation during language comprehension.However,object orientation,a critical part of perceptual information,has received less attention compared to other visual object attributes such as shape,color,and size.Furthermore,most studies in this field focused on English and other Indo-European languages,and there is a lack of research on Chinese to further demonstrate the effectiveness of mental simulation.Therefore,the current thesis aimed to explore the mental simulation of object orientation information and its relationship with mental imagery in Mandarin Chinese sentence comprehension.The classic sentence-picture recognition task was employed in the present thesis.A total of 120 participants were recruited for the pre-test and the behavioral experiment,including 60 sentence-picture verification tasks.During the experiment,participants were instructed to read sentences and make key responses after understanding the meaning.Subsequently,a picture implying object orientation was presented,and participants were required to judge whether the object in the picture had been mentioned in the previous sentence.Results showed that participants’ responses were more accurate and faster in the match condition than in the mismatch condition and in the vertical direction task than in the horizontal direction task.Besides,the results of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire showed no significant correlation between mental simulation and mental imagery.Therefore,it can be concluded that in the process of Mandarin Chinese sentence comprehension,the human brain activates the perceptual symbol of the object orientation information and conducts corresponding mental simulation.The findings are in line with the Perceptual Symbol System theory and provide further empirical evidence for the mental simulation of sentence comprehension and embodied cognition.更多还原