【作者】 李浩；

【导师】 刘晓东；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 软件工程（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 在柔性电路板(FPC)高精度钻孔领域,传统的机械削钻方式因为精度受限、易磨损钻头、自动调整参数困难等缺点,而逐步被具有精度高、能量高、无接触、易控制等优点的激光加工所取代。作为FPC激光钻孔设备核心的数控系统,嵌入式系统因为其具有成本低、实时性强、便携性好等优点而备受青睐,但是在国内这方面的研发和应用存在一些痛点:大多使用国外芯片,易受国际市场影响或被“卡脖子”;无法自动监测及调控激光功率导致良品率低;振镜校正精度不高等。因此,本文旨在对基于国产芯片的嵌入式FPC激光钻孔控制系统进行研究,以提升国产设备的竞争力。本文的主要工作如下:(1)对当前FPC激光钻孔控制系统进行分析,针对于嵌入式平台算力不足的问题,提出了显示功能和主控芯片解耦的解决方法。并提出一种兼容PC机校正表的数据存储结构,设计并搭建了满足需求的嵌入式FPC激光钻孔控制系统。(2)使用实时嵌入式芯片作为长期激光功率监测与自动调控的硬件基础,提出一种基于传统离散化增量式比例-积分-微分(PID)的专家PID算法,比传统离散化增量式PID的稳定性更好,抗干扰能力更强,使得FPC激光钻孔设备的功率波动性在2%以内,达到国内先进水平。(3)提出了一种针对大幅面FPC激光振镜的全自动迭代校正方法,在振镜组合高精度导轨平台设备上,首先以导轨和CCD相机对初次加工定位孔进行线性扫描,自动获取定位孔的位置和误差信息,然后通过计算得到校正表信息并修正位置后自动加工定位孔并进一步检测提取误差信息,通过反复迭代校正直至误差达到到设定精度。此方法大幅度提升了FPC激光钻孔设备的定位精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the field of high-precision drilling of flexible circuit board(FPC),the traditional mechanical drilling method is gradually replaced by laser processing with the advantages of high precision,high energy,no contact and easy control because of the disadvantages of limited precision,easy wear of drill bit and difficult automatic adjustment of parameters.As the core numerical control system of FPC laser drilling equipment,embedded system is favored because of its low cost,strong real-time performance and good portability.However,there are some pain points in the research and development and application of this aspect in China: most of them use foreign chips,which are easily affected by the international market or ’stuck neck’;unable to automatically monitor and control the laser power leads to low yield;the correction accuracy of galvanometer is not high.Therefore,this thesis aims to study the embedded FPC laser drilling control system based on domestic chips to enhance the competitiveness of domestic equipment.The main work of this thesis is as follows:(1)The current FPC laser drilling control system is analyzed.Aiming at the problem of insufficient computing power of the embedded platform,a solution to the decoupling of the display function and the main control chip is proposed.A data storage structure compatible with PC correction table is proposed,and an embedded FPC laser drilling control system is designed and built to meet the requirements.(2)Using real-time embedded chip as the hardware foundation of long-term laser power monitoring and automatic control,an expert PID algorithm based on traditional discrete incremental proportional-integral-differential(PID)is proposed,which has better stability and stronger anti-interference ability than traditional discrete incremental PID.The power fluctuation of FPC laser drilling equipment is within 2%,reaching the domestic advanced level.(3)An automatic iterative correction method for large-format FPC laser galvanometer is proposed.On the galvanometer combined high-precision guide rail platform equipment,the first processing positioning hole is linearly scanned by the guide rail and CCD camera,and the position and error information of the positioning hole are automatically obtained.Then,the correction table information is calculated and the position is corrected.After that,the positioning hole is automatically processed and the error information is further detected and extracted.Through repeated iterative correction until the error reaches the set accuracy.This method greatly improves the positioning accuracy of FPC laser drilling equipment.更多还原