【作者】 张红；

【导师】 王洪席； 杨好勤；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 自十八大以来,党和国家已经充分认识到劳动教育对于个人和社会的重要价值和意义,并将其从综合实践活动课程中独立出来,形成一门独立的学科。新时代劳动教育的实施,着力培养学生的劳动素养。然而在应试教育的大背景下,劳动教育实施面临着众多发展问题,如在学校层面,劳动教育的保障措施尚不到位,劳动观念仍旧薄弱,存在重劳动轻素养教育等问题;在家庭和社会层面,劳动教育被淡化,学生不会劳动、不愿劳动、不珍惜劳动成果的问题依然存在。初中阶段是学生的价值观念、知识与技能形成与发展的关键时期,研究初中学生劳动素养的发展水平,探明影响学生劳动素养的诸多因素,进而有针对提出提升初中生劳动素养水平的措施显得尤为重要。为了解当前城区初中生劳动素养发展水平,采用文献研究、问卷调查和访谈法,依据初中阶段学生身心发展的特点,对河南省Z县三所中学的学生进行调查,结果发现:(1)城区初中生的劳动素养整体处于中等水平,存在知与行之间的不协调发展、学生劳动知识和技能掌握不足、劳动意志和品质水平偏低等问题;(2)城区初中生劳动素养发展水平在身份角色(是否为班干部)、年级、学习成绩、参与家务劳动的频次上存在显著差异,而在性别、是否独生子女和家庭经济状况上不存在显著差异;(3)城区初中生劳动素养受到学校支持、教师支持、教师素养、家庭教育、学生个体的学习动机以及社区教育的影响。针对影响劳动素养发展的影响因素,提出初中生劳动素养的提升策略:第一,加大学校资源投入,发挥学校综合育人功能;第二,转变家长教育理念方法,提升家庭教育质量;第三,完善社区教育蓝图,补齐劳动教育短板;第四,加强教师个体构建,提升劳动教育效能;第五,增强个体学习动机,调动劳动参与热情。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,the Party and the State have fully realized the important value and significance of labor education for individuals and society,and have separated it from the comprehensive practical activity curriculum to form an independent subject.The implementation of labor education in the new era focuses on cultivating students’ labor accomplishment.However,under the background of exam-oriented education,the implementation of labor education is confronted with many development problems.For example,at the school level,the guarantee measures of labor education are not in place,the labor concept is still weak,and there are some problems such as emphasizing labor over quality education.At the family and social level,labor education has been downplayed,and the problem that students are unable to work,unwilling to work,and do not cherish the fruits of labor still exists.Junior high school is a critical period for the formation and development of students’ values,knowledge and skills,so it is particularly important to study the development level of junior high school students’ labor literacy,find out many factors affecting students’ labor literacy,and then put forward measures to improve the level of junior high school students’ labor literacy.In order to understand the current development level of junior middle school students’ labor literacy in urban areas,literature research,questionnaire survey and interview methods were adopted to investigate the students of three middle schools in Z County,Henan Province according to the characteristics of their physical and mental development.The results showed that:(1)The overall labor literacy of junior middle school students in urban areas is at a medium level,with problems such as uncoordinated development between knowledge and practice,insufficient grasp of labor knowledge and skills,and low level of labor will and quality.(2)The development level of labor literacy of junior middle school students in urban areas has significant differences in identity,role(class leader or not),grade,academic performance and frequency of participating in housework,but has no significant differences in gender,whether the only child or not and family economic status;(3)The labor literacy of junior middle school students in urban areas is influenced by school support,teacher support,teacher literacy,family education,individual learning motivation of students and community education.In view of the factors affecting the development of labor literacy,this paper puts forward the strategies to improve the labor literacy of junior high school students: first,increase the input of school resources and give play to the comprehensive education function of the school;Second,change the parents’ education idea method,improve the quality of family education;Third,improve the blueprint of community education,and make up for the shortcomings of labor education;Fourth,strengthen the individual construction of teachers,improve the efficiency of labor education;Fifth,enhance individual learning motivation,mobilize labor participation enthusiasm.更多还原