【作者】 王宇；

【导师】 隋东旭；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 民族传统体育学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 武术作为中国传统文化的瑰宝,是精神理念和智慧的集合体,它将传统技击进行传承的同时还充分吸收古法养生、古代中医等内容,时至今日,武术已经成为传统体育文化的重要组成部分。武术的内容覆盖面较广,主要由武术拳种和传统技法组成,其中梅花拳对近代武术文化的变革与发展产生着重要的影响,无论是其拳法内容、拳法理念和价值体系都具有一定的代表性。在菏泽一带所流传的菏泽梅花拳经过历史的演变和沉淀逐渐成为梅花拳中富有代表性的一支。本文从文化生态的视角窥探现阶段菏泽梅花拳的生存环境、现实问题与发展阻力,以期为现阶段地域武术文化传承与保护具有积极的借鉴意义,对于民族传统体育文化的相关研究提供一定的理论参考。在具体研究中,本文以文化生态学作为理论视角,利用文献资料法、专家访谈法、田野调查法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,对菏泽梅花拳的流传渊源和发展进程进行梳理,并使用文化生态学的内外生态结构理论,对菏泽梅花拳的变迁与发展进行文化生态学解构;从菏泽梅花拳变迁与发展的不同路径出发,对其变迁与发展的要素、规律进行分析,总结出菏泽梅花拳变迁与发展的内外生态方面的制因。研究结果表明,菏泽梅花拳的变迁与发展在外生态制因方面的问题表现在:一、资金扶持力度不够;二、多元文化的影响和冲击;三、宣传方式滞后,开展氛围淡化。在内生态制因方面的问题表现在:一、思维保守导致传承资源密不外露和失传;二、后继无人导致传承人严重匮乏;三、文化断层导致武与文的传承并不匹配。通过文化生态学的内外生态结构理论与现实资源相结合,针对菏泽梅花拳变迁与发展中出现的现实制因最终构建出菏泽梅花拳的生态保护模式:首先,做好对菏泽梅花拳的拳法内容的优化、训练体系的整理和文场的搜集与传承等方面的工作,从而实现菏泽梅花拳的内生态优化,通过提高政策落实和资源调度的效率,突出传承人的主体地位以及建立文化生态平台等方式,实现菏泽梅花拳的外生态优化;其次,将内外生态的优化策略进行耦合,通过资源分配、统一理念和信息共享等方式来实现菏泽梅花拳内外生态的平衡发展、共同发展;最后,提出对菏泽梅花拳的生态开发的相关建议,以政府为主导,实现专业部门和专业人才的管理,以及与学校体育和社区体育进行有机结合,以求达到可持续发展的最终目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a treasure of Chinese traditional culture,martial arts is a collection of spiritual ideas and wisdom.While inheriting traditional skills,it also fully absorbs the contents of ancient health preservation and ancient Chinese medicine.Today,martial arts has become an important part of traditional sports culture.The content of martial arts covers a wide range,mainly composed of martial arts boxing and traditional techniques,among which plum Blossom boxing has an important impact on the reform and development of modern martial arts culture,and its boxing content,boxing philosophy and value system are representative to a certain extent.Heze Plum Blossom Boxing spread in Heze area has gradually become a representative branch of plum Blossom boxing after historical evolution and precipitation.From the perspective of cultural ecology,this paper explores the living environment,practical problems and development resistance of Heze Meihua Boxing at this stage,hoping to have positive reference significance for the inheritance and protection of regional martial arts culture at this stage,and provide certain theoretical reference for the relevant research of national traditional sports culture.In the specific research,this paper takes cultural ecology as a theoretical perspective,and uses literature,expert interview,field investigation and logical analysis methods to sort out the spread of the origin and development process of Heze Meihua Boxing,and uses the internal and external ecological structure theory of cultural ecology to deconstruct the change and development of Heze Meihua Boxing.Starting from the different paths of the change and development of Heze Meihua Boxing,this paper analyzes the factors and laws of the change and development,and summarizes the internal and external ecological causes of the change and development of Heze Meihua Boxing.The results show that the change and development of Heze Meihua Boxing has the following problems: first,the financial support is not enough;2.The influence and impact of multiculturalism;Third,the way of publicity lags behind,and the atmosphere of development is diluted.The problems of internal ecological factors are as follows:first,conservative thinking leads to the secrecy and loss of inheritance resources;Second,there is no successor resulting in a serious shortage of inheritors;Third,cultural fault leads to the inheritance of Wu and wen does not match.Through the combination of the internal and external ecological structure theory of cultural ecology and realistic resources,the ecological protection model of Heze Meihua Boxing is finally constructed according to the realistic causes in the change and development of Heze Meihua Boxing.Firstly,the internal ecological optimization of Heze Meihua Boxing should be realized by improving the efficiency of policy implementation and resource scheduling,highlighting the main position of inheritors and establishing a cultural ecological platform.Secondly,the internal and external ecological optimization strategies are coupled,and the balanced development and common development of the internal and external ecological development of Heze Meihua Boxing are realized by means of resource allocation,unified concept and information sharing.Finally,the paper puts forward the relevant suggestions on the ecological development of Heze Plum Blossom Boxing,taking the government as the lead,realizing the management of professional departments and professionals,and organically combining with school sports and community sports,in order to achieve the ultimate goal of sustainable development.更多还原