【作者】 张毅；

【导师】 郝艳召；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业化进程的加速,危险废物的产生量迅速增加,非法转移、倾倒事故频发,对环境和公共健康构成了严重威胁。现有的危险废物管理系统面临着数据不透明、管理效率低下以及监管困难等多重问题。区块链技术以其独特的去中心化、数据不可篡改和透明性等特性,为破解这些难题提供了新的视角。本研究致力于设计并开发一套基于区块链的危险废物管理系统,通过增强数据透明度和提升管理效率,全面优化改善危险废物的整体管理流程。本文采用软件工程的系统开发方法论,并结合区块链技术的优势,完成了系统的设计与实现。系统的核心架构基于Hyperledger Fabric平台构建,利用Go语言编写智能合约,前端界面采用Vue技术框架,后端服务则依托Spring Boot框架。同时,系统选用MySQL和Redis数据库进行数据存储,并通过Docker容器化技术确保服务的灵活部署。在系统开发过程中,首先进行了详细的系统需求分析,包括功能性需求和非功能性需求两大方面。功能性需求充分考虑了产废单位、运输单位、处置单位和监管单位的实际需求,如危险废物数据记录、查询、交换、审计追踪等。非功能性需求则着眼于系统的安全性和可靠性等关键指标。在此基础上,设计了系统的总体架构并开发了用户管理、危险废物信息管理、运输管理、处置管理、监督审查等核心模块。最后,通过全面的功能性测试、性能测试和防篡改测试,验证了系统的实用性和高效性。该系统成功实现了从产废、运输、处理到监管的全流程数字化、信息化管理,确保了数据的真实可靠,有效降低了危险废物管理的风险。这对于推动区块链技术在危险废物管理乃至整个环境保护领域的应用具有一定的示范和参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the acceleration of industrialization,the generation of hazardous waste has rapidly increased,leading to frequent incidents of illegal transfer and dumping,posing a serious threat to the environment and public health.Existing hazardous waste management systems face multiple challenges such as opaque data,low management efficiency,and regulatory difficulties.Blockchain technology,with its unique characteristics of decentralization,data immutability,and transparency,provides a new perspective for tackling these challenges.This study aims to design and develop a blockchain-based hazardous waste management system,aiming to enhance data transparency and improve management efficiency,comprehensively optimizing the overall management process of hazardous waste.This paper adopts the system development methodology of software engineering,combined with the advantages of blockchain technology,to complete the design and implementation of the system.The core architecture of the system is built on the Hyperledger Fabric platform,utilizing Go language to write smart contracts,Vue technology framework for the front-end interface,and Spring Boot framework for the backend services.Meanwhile,the system adopts MySQL and Redis databases for data storage and ensures flexible deployment of services through Docker containerization technology.During the system development process,detailed system requirements analysis was conducted,including functional and non-functional requirements.Functional requirements fully consider the actual needs of waste-generating units,transport units,disposal units,and regulatory units,such as hazardous waste data recording,querying,exchange,audit tracking,etc.Non-functional requirements focus on key indicators such as system security and reliability.Based on this,the overall architecture of the system was designed and core modules such as user management,hazardous waste information management,transport management,disposal management,supervision review,etc.,were developed.Finally,comprehensive functional testing,performance testing,and tamper-proof testing were conducted to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of the system.The system successfully achieves end-to-end digitization and informatization management from waste generation,transportation,processing to supervision,ensuring the authenticity and reliability of data and effectively reducing the risks of hazardous waste management.This has a certain demonstrative and reference value for promoting the application of blockchain technology in hazardous waste management and even the entire field of environmental protection.更多还原