【作者】 张博；

【导师】 张奕；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 建筑学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在新中国建立后,我国制定了以重工业为主导的工业化发展策略,武汉被确立为“一五”时期国家重点投资建设的重点工业城市,开始了探索社会主义初期的工业发展道路,并在这短短的27年取得了巨大的成就。本文以武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)为研究对象,通过史料梳理和实地调研的方式,从历史学、规划学和建筑学的多方面视角对武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)进行研究。首先,以历史学的视角对武汉近代工业历史发展溯源,先梳理出武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)在工业资本类型、产业结构、工业生产水平方面与武汉近代的不同,分析出武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)的历史独特性。之后以重大历史事件为武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)历史时期的划分依据,将其划分为工业重建时期、苏联援建时期、自力更生时期、改革开放前夕时期四个发展时期,并将不同时期重点的工业类型、资本类型、城市工业分布情况及工业发展情况进行归纳总结。其次,以规划学的视角从城市工业分布、工业区规划、工业建筑群规划等方面探讨了武汉工业建筑规划布局的特点。先与苏联及国内其他城市工业规划进行横向对比分析,探讨武汉城市工业分布的特点。再以工业区的规划形态为划分依据,将武汉12个大型的工业区划分为带状式工业区、中心式工业区、散布式工业区三种不同的模式,并对每种模式的形成进行分析总结。最后将工业建筑群分为生产区和生活区两部分,并分别对其规划布局进一步细分总结。再次,以建筑学的视角从建筑平面、建筑立面、结构装饰三个方面分析武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)的形式特征,挖掘社会主义初期建筑风貌和时代精神,从根本上理解武汉工业建筑(1949-1976)的发展历程和建筑特征。最后,从武汉工业遗产(1949-1976)的现状和价值构成出发,以定性评价和定量评分的方法构建了武汉工业遗产(1949-1976)的价值体系。从历史文化价值、科学技术价值、艺术美学价值、情感记忆价值、经济使用价值等五个方面细化评估因子,制定了符合武汉工业遗产(1949-1976)评估体系,为如今武汉城市工业更新提供借鉴价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China developed an industrialization strategy centered on heavy industry.During the First Five-Year Plan,Wuhan was designated as a key industrial city for national investment and construction,and started to explore the path of industrial development in the early years of socialism and accomplished a lot in just 27 years.This essay investigates Wuhan’s industrial architecture,which dates from 1949 to1976,from the angles of history,planning,and architecture through historical analysis and fieldwork.First,we analyze the historical singularity of Wuhan’s industrial architecture as we follow the development of Wuhan’s modern industrial history from a historiographical perspective.Specifically,we separate the differences between Wuhan’s industrial architecture(1949–1976)and Wuhan’s modern era in terms of industrial capital types,industrial structure,and industrial production levels(1949-1976).After that,Wuhan’s industrial architecture(1949–1976)is divided into four development phases: the phase of industrial reconstruction,the phase of Soviet aid,the phase of self-reliance,and the phase just before reform and opening up.These phases are determined by major historical events,and the phases are summarized along with the industrial types,capital types,urban industrial distribution,and industrial development that occurred during each phase.Second,from the standpoint of planning in terms of urban industrial distribution,industrial zone planning,and industrial building group planning,the characteristics of Wuhan’s industrial building planning and layout are analyzed.The characteristics of Wuhan’s urban industrial distribution are first investigated through a horizontal comparison with the industrial planning of the Soviet Union and other Chinese cities.The construction of each pattern is then analyzed and summarized.Next,based on the industrial zone planning form,Wuhan’s 12 main industrial zones are split into three distinct patterns: belt-type industrial zones,central-type industrial zones,and scatteredtype industrial zones.The industrial complexes are then split into two sections:residential and producing zones,and their planning layouts are divided further and summarized,accordingly.Once again,the formal characteristics of Wuhan’s industrial buildings(1949-1976)are analysed from the perspective of architecture in terms of building plan,building fa?ade and structural decoration,to uncover the architectural style and spirit of the times in the early socialist period,and to understand the development history and architectural characteristics of Wuhan’s industrial buildings(1949-1976)from a fundamental perspective.Ultimately,using qualitative evaluation and quantitative scoring,the value system of Wuhan’s industrial heritage(1949–1976)is built from the current condition and value composition of Wuhan’s industrial heritage(1949–1976).Five aspects of the assessment factors—historical and cultural value,scientific and technological value,artistic and aesthetic value,emotional memory value,and economic use value—are further refined in order to create a system of assessment that is in keeping with Wuhan’s industrial heritage(1949–1976)and adds value to the city’s current urban industrial renewal.更多还原