【作者】 黄峻；

【导师】 魏宗财； 汪成刚；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 城市规划硕士（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 夜间是居民消费的“黄金时间”。随着居民夜间消费需求持续提高,夜间经济已成为城市经济发展的关键驱动因素。夜间商业空间是夜间经济的重要载体,其合理布局有利于更好地满足人民群众的消费需求、激发城市活力、赋予城市经济发展新动能。国内外既有关于夜间经济的研究多聚焦在其内涵与业态空间分异等方面,对夜间商业空间的研究尚不充分。以广州市主城区为例,综合使用大众点评、SDK人群画像、出租车GPS轨迹等多源数据,刻画夜间商业空间的分布特征;进一步运用机器学习模型,结合实地调研与半结构访谈数据识别人群需求、交通可达性、地租地价、设施密度、政策支持5类影响因素共12个指标对城市夜间商业空间分布的非线性影响及其阈值效应;依据研究结果研判夜间商业空间发展的现存问题,针对性地提出提升对策。研究发现:(1)总体层面上,夜间商业空间在中心区呈现多核心分布特征且网络口碑均值较高,在近郊区呈现轴状延伸分布特征且网络口碑均值较低,反映空间品质与综合服务质量从中心区向近郊区出现一定程度的下降。(2)不同类型层面上,前半夜型商业空间在全域表现出轴状延伸分布特征,后半夜型商业空间在全域表现出“大分散,小聚集”分布特征,两类夜间商业空间主导的业态均为夜间美食餐饮。(3)集聚区层面上,当前广州市主城区全域的夜间商业集聚区形成了轴状延伸、多中心发展格局,在规模等级的空间分布方面符合“中心地理论”部分规律,规模等级划分数量较规划文件更多,与既有规划文件所划定的重点发展区域存在部分重合,但近郊区内中小型夜间商业集聚区并未被纳入到既有规划文件当中,后续亟待提出优化建议。得出结论:(1)人口密度对夜间商业空间总体分布的影响程度最高,其次是距最近地铁站距离、收入水平指数、居住设施密度等指标,夜经济政策支持指数的影响程度最低。(2)指标影响夜间商业空间总体分布的临界阈值存在差异。例如,人口密度越高,夜间商业消费需求往往也越高,能够促进夜间商业空间总体分布趋于集聚;距最近地铁站距离、距最近公交站距离在一定范围内可促使夜间商业空间总体集聚,超出该服务范围,人群选择地铁站或公交站出行的意愿会下降,前往站点周边夜间商业空间进行消费的次数相应减少,利用好地铁站、公交站的临界阈值可发挥出站点促进效应,划定合适的夜间商业服务圈边界;居住设施密度、文化设施密度增大均会在较大程度上促进夜间商业空间总体集聚,因此夜间商业空间可优先考虑选址在居住设施、文化设施密度较高的区域以获得良好发展。(3)相较前半夜型商业空间,居住设施密度、商铺租金、路网密度对后半夜型商业空间的影响程度小幅度上升,距最近地铁站距离、收入水平指数、文化设施密度对后半夜型商业空间的影响程度小幅度下降,这与居民夜间消费习惯、夜间出行安全性、商家经营成本、城市时间政策等方面有关。(4)由于外出消费居民数量减少、承租能力减弱等原因,后半夜促进夜间商业空间集聚的人口密度临界阈值较前半夜有所减少,距最近地铁站距离的临界阈值则有所增加。为进一步优化城市夜间经济分布格局,在宏观尺度方面,应分级分类调控发展方向与建设重点,科学划定夜间商业集聚区;在微观场景方面,应参照各指标的临界阈值优化布局,推进十分钟、十五分钟夜间商业服务圈构建;在政策支撑方面,应合理引导后半夜经营,健全夜间非正规商业空间管理机制。研究成果能深化对城市夜间经济发展的理解,为夜间商业空间的布局优化与活力提升提供思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Night-time is the"prime time"for consumption.As residents’night-time consumption demand continues to rise,the night-time economy has become a key driver of urban economic development.Night-time commercial space is an important carrier of the night-time economy,and its rational layout is conducive to better meeting the consumption needs of residents,stimulating urban vitality and giving new momentum to urban economic development.Domestic and international research on night-time economy mainly focuses on connotation and spatial differentiation of business forms,but the research on night-time commercial space is still insufficient.Based on the main urban area of Guangzhou,multi-source data such as Dianping data,SDK population portraits,and taxi GPS trajectories are comprehensively used to portray the distribution characteristics of night-time commercial space.Machine learning model is further applied to identify the non-linear impacts of 12 indicators in 5 categories of influencing factors,namely,population demand,traffic accessibility,land rent,facility density and policy support,on the distribution of night-time commercial spaces in urban cities and threshold effects,by combining the data from the field research and semi-structured interviews.According to the results of the research,the existing problems in the development of night-time commercial space will be examined and targeted countermeasures for improvement will be proposed.Research shows that:(1)Overall level,the night-time commercial space in the central area shows the characteristics of multi-core distribution and the network evaluation mean value is higher,and in the suburban area shows the characteristics of axial extension distribution and the network evaluation mean value is lower,reflecting that the spatial quality and the comprehensive service quality from the central area to the suburban area appear to a certain degree of decline.(2)At the different type level,the former midnight-type commercial space shows an axial extension distribution characteristic in the whole region,while the latter midnight-type commercial space shows"mainly dispersed,partially clustered"distribution characteristic in the whole region,and the dominant business of both types of night-time commercial space is night-time gourmet food and catering.(3)At the level of agglomeration,the current night-time commercial agglomeration in the main urban area of Guangzhou has formed an axial extension and multi-centre development pattern,which is in line with some of the laws of the"central place theory"in terms of scale level distribution,and the number of scale level divisions is more than that of the planning documents,which partially overlaps with the key development areas delineated in the existing planning documents.However,small and medium-sized night-time commercial clusters in the suburbs have not been included in the existing planning documents,it is urgent to put forward optimisation proposals.Conclusions:(1)Population density has the highest degree of influence on the overall distribution of night-time commercial space,followed by indicators such as distance to the nearest metro station,income level index,density of residential facilities,and the lowest degree of influence of the night economy policy support index.(2)There are differences in the critical thresholds for indicators to influence the overall distribution of night-time commercial space.For instance,the higher the population density,the higher the demand for night-time commercial consumption tends to be,which can promote the overall distribution of night-time commercial space towards agglomeration;The distance from the nearest metro station and the distance from the nearest bus station within a certain range can promote the overall agglomeration of night-time commercial space,beyond the service range,the willingness of popualtion to choose metro station or bus station travelling will decline,and the number of times to go to the site around the night-time commercial space consumption is also reduced accordingly,the use of the metro station,the critical threshold of the bus stops can be used to play out the site to promote the effect of the reasonable delineation of the night-time commercial service circle boundaries;Increased density of residential facilities and cultural facilities will promote the overall concentration of night-time commercial space to a greater extent,so night-time commercial space can be prioritised for location in areas with higher density of residential facilities and cultural facilities in order to obtain better development.(3)Compared with the former midnight-type commercial space,the density of residential facilities,shop rent,and road network density have a slight increase in the degree of influence on the latter midnight-type commercial space,and the distance to the nearest metro station,income level index,and density of cultural facilities have a slight decrease in the degree of influence on the latter midnight-type commercial space,which is related to residents’nighttime consumption habits,security,business costs,and urban time policies.(4)Critical thresholds for population density to promote the clustering of commercial spaces at night decreased in the latter part of the night compared to the former part of the night due to a decrease in the number of out-of-home consumers and a weakening of tenancy capacity,while critical thresholds for the distance to the nearest metro station increased.To optimise the distribution pattern of the urban night-time economy,regarding the macro scale,the direction of development and the focus of construction should be regulated in a hierarchical and classified manner,and the night-time commercial agglomeration area should be scientifically delineated.Regarding micro-scenarios,the layout should be optimised with reference to the critical thresholds of each indicator,and the construction of ten-minute and fifteen-minute night-time commercial service circles should be promoted.Regarding policy support,the latter half of the night should be reasonably guided to operate,and the management mechanism of informal commercial space at night should be improved.Research can deepen the understanding of urban night-time economic development and provide ideas for regulating the layout and vitality of night-time commercial spaces.更多还原