【作者】 杨燕；

【导师】 景胜蓝； 李俊；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 土木水利（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市的发展和建设,历史建筑在建筑的改造中重视程度越来越高,且它不同于传统的文物保护建筑,历史建筑有非常重要的使用价值。随着社会经济发展和社会意识提高,人们对建筑环境品质的要求也随之提高,因此有必要对历史建筑开展室内热环境和热舒适性研究,可以帮助在不改变建筑外观的前提下改善室内热舒适,提升历史建筑使用价值。对于高校学生来说,大多数时间都是在教室内度过,教室内环境质量的改善对于提高学生的学习效率和健康状况都有直接的作用,因此本文以寒冷地区太原某高校教学楼为代表,探究历史建筑室内热环境和人体热舒适。本文对供暖季、过渡季及夏季不同季节教室室内外热环境参数进行现场实测,结合学生对教室内热舒适情况的主观感受和对声光环境、空气品质的主观评价,得到不同季节的热中性温度及80%及90%满意度下的可接受温度范围。然后以现场实测的教室为几何对象建立模型并进行数值模拟分析,模拟不同季节教室内离地面不同高度的平面的温度场、湿度场及气流速度场,提出该模型室内热环境现存问题及合理的改善措施。研究结果表明:(1)供暖期、过渡季及夏季预测热中性温度分别为20.08℃、25.33℃、24.07℃,实测的热中性温度分别为供暖期15.18℃,过渡季28.46℃,夏季22.96℃,表明不同季节TSV与PMV之间存在一定偏差。(2)供暖期在80%满意率下室内可接受温度范围为18～21.1℃,90%满意率下室内可接受温度范围为19～20.1℃;过渡季80%满意率下室内可接受温度范围为19.8～21.5℃;夏季80%满意率下室内可接受温度范围为21～24.8℃,90%满意率下室内可接受温度范围为22～24℃。(3)交互因素与实测热感觉投票TSV之间的多元回归模型结果显著,因此保证合适的光照强度和噪音大小,是提升教室内学生的热舒适的重要因素。(4)利用Fluent软件对不同季节教室室内的热环境进行模拟,结果表明不同季节教室室内的温度、湿度都随着离地面高度的增加而增大。且不同季节室内风速较小,满足规范规定的风速要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the city develops and expands,historical buildings are receiving increasing attention in building transformations.Unlike traditional cultural relics protection buildings,historical buildings hold significant practical value.Due to social and economic development,as well as increased social awareness,there has been a rise in demand for high-quality built environments.Therefore,research on the indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort of historical buildings is necessary to enhance their utility value without altering their appearance.For students in colleges and universities,the majority of their time is spent in the classroom.This is where they are taught how to improve the indoor environmental quality,with the aim of improving their learning efficiency and health.This paper explores the indoor thermal environment of historical buildings and human thermal comfort in a university teaching building in the cold region of Taiyuan.On-site measurements of indoor and outdoor thermal environment parameters were conducted in the classroom during the heating season,transition season,and summer.Simultaneously,objective questionnaire surveys are conducted to evaluate students’thermal comfort and their perceptions of the sound,light,and air quality in the classroom.The surveys also determine the thermal neutral temperatures in different seasons and the acceptable temperature ranges that result in 80%and 90%satisfaction rates.Using the measured classroom as the geometric object,a model was established to simulate the indoor temperature,humidity,and air velocity fields at different heights from the ground in different seasons.The model identified existing problems with the indoor thermal environment and proposed reasonable improvement measures.The study results indicate that:(1)the predicted thermal neutral temperatures for the heating period,transition season,and summer are 20.08℃,25.33℃,and24.07℃,respectively.However,the measured thermal neutral temperatures are 15.18℃,28.46℃,and 22.96℃for the respective seasons.This suggests a deviation between TSV and PMV in different seasons.(2)The acceptable indoor temperature range during the heating period is 18～21.1℃with an 80%satisfaction rate.For a 90%satisfaction rate,the acceptable range is 19～20.1℃.During the transition season,the acceptable indoor temperature range is19.8～21.5℃with an 80%satisfaction rate.During summer,the acceptable indoor temperature range for 80%satisfaction is between 21 and 24.8℃,while for 90%satisfaction,it is between22 and 24℃.(3)The multiple regression model shows significant results between interaction factors and the measured thermal sensation voting(TSV),indicating that ensuring appropriate light intensity and noise level is crucial for improving the thermal comfort of students in the classroom during learning.(4)The software Fluent was utilised to simulate the indoor thermal environment of classrooms during different seasons.The results indicated that the indoor temperature and humidity fields of classrooms increased with height from the ground.Additionally,the indoor wind speed was found to be low during different seasons,meeting the wind speed requirements stipulated by the code.更多还原